A classification of the bird species of South America

South American Classification Committee
American Ornithologists' Union

Literature Cited

(DRAFT: incomplete and not yet consistently formatted)
(many references not yet cited in the list)

Literature Cited A-K (click)

Back to Main List (click)

========================================================

MADGE, S., & H. BURN. 1988. Waterfowl. An identification guide to the ducks, geese and swans of the world. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.

MAIJER, S. 1996. Distinctive song of highland form maculicollis of the Red-winged Tinamou (Rhynchotus rufescens): evidence for species rank. Auk 113: 695-697.

MAIJER, S. 1998. Rediscovery of Hylopezus (macularius) auricularis: distinctive song and habitat indicate species rank. Auk 115: 1072-1073.

MAIJER, S., AND J. FJELSDÅ. 1997. Description of a new Cranioleuca spinetail from Bolivia and a "leapfrog pattern" of geographic variation in the genus. Ibis 139: 606-616.

MALLING OLSEN & LARSSON. 1997. Skuas and Jaegers. Pica Press.

MANEGOLD, A. 2006. Two additional synapomorphies of grebes Podicipedidae and flamingos Phoenicopteridae. Acta Ornithol. 41: 79-82.

MANN, N.I., et al. In press. Molecular data delineate four genera of "Thryothorus" wrens. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.04.014

MARANTZ, C. A. 1997 . Geographic variation of plumage patterns in the woodcreeper genus Dendrocolaptes (Dendrocolaptidae) in South America. Pp. 399-499 in "Studies in Neotropical ornithology honoring Ted Parker" (Remsen, J. V., Jr., Ed.). Ornithological Monographs No. 48.

MARANTZ, C. A., A. ALEIXO, L. R. BEVIER, AND M. A. PATTEN. 2003. Family Dendrocolaptidae (woodcreepers). Pp. 358-447 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 8. Broadbills to tapaculos." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

MARCHANT, S. 1956. <>. Ibis 98: 533-534.

<>MARCHANT, S. 1958. <>. Ibis 100: 349-387.

MARCHANT, S., AND P. J. HIGGINS. 1990. Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic birds. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press, Melbourne.

MARIAUX, J., AND M. J. BRAUN. 1996. A molecular phylogenetic survey of the nightjars and allies (Caprimulgiformes) with special emphasis on the potoos (Nyctibiidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 6: 228-244.

MARÍN, M. 1997. Species limits and distribution of some New World spine-tailed swifts (Chaetura spp.). Pp. 431-443 in "Studies in Neotropical ornithology honoring Ted Parker" (Remsen, J. V., Jr., Ed.). Ornithological Monographs No. 48.

MARÍN, M. 2000. Species limits, distribution, and biogeography of some New World gray-rumped spine-tailed swifts (Chaetura, Apodidae). Ornitologia Neotropical 11: 93-108.

MARÍN A., M., L. F. KIFF, AND L. PEÑA G. 1989. Notes on Chilean birds, with descriptions of two new subspecies. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 109: 66-82.

MARÍN A., M., AND F. G. STILES. 1992. On the biology of five species of swifts (Apodidae, Cypseloidinae) in Costa Rica. Proc. Western Foundation Vertebrate Zool. 4: 287-351.

MARINKELLE, C. J. 1970. Birds of the Serranía de Macuira, Guajira Peninsula, Colombia. Mitt. Inst. Colombo-Alemán Investig. Cient. 4: 15-34.

MARKS, J. S., R. J. CANNINGS, AND H. MIKKOLA. 1999. Family Strigidae (typical owls). Pp. 76-243 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 5. Barn-owls to hummingbirds." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

MARTÍNEZ, I. 1992. Family Spheniscidae (penguins). Pp. 140-161 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 1. Ostrich to ducks." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

MARTÍNEZ, M. M. 1983. Nidificación de Hirundo rustica erythrogaster (Boddaert) en Argentina (Aves, Hirundinidae). Neotropica 29: 83-86.

MARTÍNEZ-VILATA, A., AND A. MOTIS. 1992. Family Ardeidae (herons). Pp. 376-429 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 1. Ostrich to ducks." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

MARTUSCELLI, P., AND C. YAMSHITA. 1997. Rediscovery of the White-cheeked Parrot Amazona kawalli (Grantsau and Camargo, 1989), with notes on its ecology, distribution, and taxonomy. Ararajuba 5: 97-113.

MATHEU, E., AND J. DEL HOYO. 1992. Family Threskiornithidae (ibises and spoonbills). Pp. 472-507 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 1. Ostrich to ducks." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

MAURER, D. R., AND R. J. RAIKOW. 1981. Appendicular myology, phylogeny, and classification of the avian order Coraciiformes (including Trogoniformes). Ann. Carnegie Mus. 50: 417-434.

MAURÍCIO, G. N. 2005. Taxonomy of southern populations in the Scytalopus speluncae group, with description of a new species and remarks on the systematics and biogeography of the complex (Passeriformes: Rhinocryptidae). Ararajuba 13: 7-28.

MAYR, E. 1963. Gallinago versus Capella. Ibis 105: 402-403.

MAYR, E. 1971. New species of birds described from 1956 to 1965. J. Orn. 112: 302-316.

MAYR, E., AND D. AMADON. 1951. A classification of recent birds. American Museum Novitates 1496: 1-42.

MAYR, E., AND J. BOND. 1943. Notes on the generic classification of swallows. Ibis 85: 334-341.

MAYR, E., J. T. MARSHALL, AND R. K. SELANDER. 1964. Cardinalis Bonaparte, 1838 (Aves): proposed validation under the plenary powers. Bull. Zool. Nomenclature 21: 133-136.

MAYR, E., AND L. L. SHORT. 1970. Species taxa of North American birds. Publ. Nuttall Orn. Club 9.

MAYR, E., AND F. VUILLEUMIER. 1983. New species of birds described from 1966 to 1975. J. Orn. 124: 217-232.

MAYR, G. 1998. "Coraciiforme" und "piciforme" Kleinvögel aus dem Mittel-Eozän der Grube Messel (Hessen, Deutschland). Courier Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg 205: 1-101.

MAYR, G. 2002. Osteological evidence of paraphyly of the avian order Caprimulgiformes (nightjars and allies). J. Ornithologie 143: 82-97.

MAYR, G. 2003a. The phylogenetic affinities of the Shoebill (Balaeniceps rex). J. Ornithol. 144: 157-175.

MAYR, G. 2003. Phylogeny of early Tertiary swifts and hummingbirds (Aves: Apodiformes). Auk 120: 145-151.

MAYR, G. 2003b. On the phylogenetic relationships of trogons (Aves, Trogonidae). J. Avian Biology 34: 81-88.

MAYR, G. 2004. Morphological evidence for sister group relationship between flamingos (Aves: Phoenicopteridae) and grebes (Podicipedidae). Zoological J. Linnean Society 140: 157-169.

MAYR, G. 2005. Tertiary plotopterids (Aves, Plotopteridae) and a novel hypothesis on the phylogenetic relationships of penguins (Spheniscidae). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 43: 61-71.

MAYR, G. 2007. Avian higher-level phylogeny: well-supported clades and what we can learn from a phylogenetic analysis of 2954 morphological characters. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research doi: 10.1111/j.14.

MAYR, G., AND J. CLARKE. 2003. The deep divergences of neornithine birds: a phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters. Cladistics 19: 527-553.

MAZAR BARNETT, J. 1997. First report of Xenus cinereus (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae) for Brazil. Ararajuba 5: 236-237

MAZAR BARNETT, J., AND M. PEARMAN. 2001. Annotated checklist of the birds of Argentina. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

McCRACKEN, K. G., J. HARSHMAN, D. A. McCLELLAN, AND A. D. AFTON. 1999. Data set incongruence and correlated character evolution: an example of functional convergence in the hind-limbs of stifftail diving ducks. Systematic Biology 48: 683-714.

McCRACKEN, K. G., AND F. H. SHELDON. 1997. Avian vocalizations and phylogenetic signal. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 3833-3836.

McCRACKEN, K. G., AND F. H. SHELDON. 1998. Molecular and osteological heron phylogenies: sources of incongruence. Auk 115: 127-141.

McCRACKEN, K. G., AND M. D. SORENSON. 2005. Is homoplasy or lineage sorting the source of incongruent mtDNA and nucelar gene trees in stiff-tailed ducks (Nomonyx-Oxyura)? Systematic Biology 54:35-55.

McKINNEY, F. 1970. <>. Living Bird 9: <>.

McKITRICK, M. C. 1985. Monophyly of the Tyrannidae (Aves): comparison of morphology and DNA. Syst. Zool. 34: 35-45.

McKITRICK, M. C. 1991. Forelimb myology of loons (Gaviiformes), with comments on the relationship of loons and tubenoses (Procellariiformes). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 102: <>.

McKITRICK, M. C. 1991b. Phylogenetic analysis of avian hindlimb musculature. Misc. Pub. University Michigan Museum of Zoology 179: 1-85.

McNEIL, R., J. R. RODRIGUEZ, AND F. MERCIER. 1985. Winter range expansion of the Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus) to South America. Auk 102: 174-175.

McNICHOLL, M. K., P. E. LOWTHER, AND J. A. HALL. 2001. Forster's Tern (Sterna forsteri). Birds of North America 595 (Poole, A. and F. Gill, eds.): 1-X. Birds of North America, Philadelphia.

MEES, G. 1982. Birds from the lowlands of southern New Guinea. Zool. Verhand. 191.

MEISE, W. 1949. Über einen Gattungsbastard und eine Zwillingsart der Tyrannen nebst Bemerkungen über Zugweite und Flügelform. Ornithol. Biol. Wiss: 61-68.

MELTOFTE, H. & C. HORNEMAN. 1995. Mottled Petrel (Pterodroma inexpectata) off Tierra del Fuego. Bulletin British Ornithologists' Club 115: 71-72

MERCIER, F., R. McNEIL, AND J. R. RODRÍGUEZ S. 1987. First occurrence of Bar-tailed Godwit in South America, and status of the Marbled Godwit in northeastern Venezuela. J. Field Orn. 58: 78-80.

MEYER DE SCHAUENSEE, R. 1946. <> . Notulae Naturae 167: <7>.

MEYER DE SCHAUENSEE, R. 1946b. <> . Notulae Naturae 163: <5>.

MEYER DE SCHAUENSEE, R. 1951. <> . Caldasia 5: <>.

MEYER DE SCHAUENSEE, R. 1952. A review of the genus Sporophila. Proc. Academy Natural Sciences Philadelphia 104: 153-196.

MEYER DE SCHAUENSEE, R. 1966. The species of birds of South America and their distribution. Livingston Publishing Co., Narberth, Pennsylvania.

MEYER DE SCHAUENSEE, R. 1970. A guide to the birds of South America. Livingston Publishing Co., Wynnewood, Pennsylvania.

MEYER DE SCHAUENSEE, R. 1970x. A review of the South American finch Oryzoborus crassirostris. Notulae Naturae 428: <>.

MEYER DE SCHAUENSEE, R. 1982. A guide to the birds of South America, 2nd edition. Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

MEYER DE SCHAUENSEE, R., AND W. H. PHELPS, JR. 1978. A guide to the birds of Venezuela. Princeton University Press.

MICKEVICH, M. F., AND L. R. PARENTI. 1980. [Review of:] The phylogeny of the Charadriiformes (Aves): a new estimate using the method of character compatibility analysis by J. G. Strauch. Syst. Zool. 29: 108-113.

MILLER, A. H. 1972. <>. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 65: 13-17.

MILLER, E. H. 1996. Acoustic differentiation and speciation in shorebirds. Pp. 241-257 in "Ecology and Evolution of Acoustic Communication in Birds" (D. E. Kroodsma and E. H. Miller, eds). Comstock/Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, New York.

MILLER, M. J., E. BERMINGHAM, J. KLICKA, P. ESCALANTE, F. RAPOSO DO AMARAL, J. T. WIER, & K. WINKER. 2008. Out of Amazonia again and again: episodic crossing of the Andes promotes diversification in a lowland forest flycatcher. Proc. Royal Society B. 275: 1133-1142.

MILLER, W. D. 1928. Schistospiza Sharpe not separable from Lophospingus Cabanis. Auk 45: 380-381.

MINDELL, D. P., M. D. SORENSON, C. J. HUDDLESTON, H. C. MIRANDA, A. KNIGHT, S. J. SAWCHUK, AND T. YURI. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships among and within select avian orders based on mitochondrial DNA. Pp. 214-250 in "Avian molecular evolution and systematics" (D. P. Mindell, ed.). Academic Press, San Diego.

MIRANDA-RIBEIRO, A. 1920. Revisao dos psittacideos brasileiros. Revista Museu Paulista 12: 1-82.

MIYAKI, C. Y., S. R. MATIOLI, T. BURKE, AND A. WAJNTAL. 1998. Parrot evolution and paleogeographical events: mitochondrial DNA evidence. Molecular Biology and Evolution 15: 544-551.

MLODINOW, S. G. 2004. First records of Little Egret, Green-winged Teal, Swallow-tailed Kite, Tennessee Warbler, and Red-breasted Blackbird from Aruba. North American Birds 57: 559-661.

MOBLEY, J. A., AND PRUM, R. O. 1995. Phylogenetic relationships of the Cinnamon Tyrant, Neopipo cinnamomea, to the tyrant flycatchers (Tyrannidae). Condor 97: 650-662.

MONROE, B. L., JR. 1963. Three new subspecies of birds from Honduras. Occasional Papers Mus. Zool. Louisiana St. Univ. 26: 1-7.

MONROE, B. L., JR. 1963b. Notes on the avian genus Arremonops with description of a new subspecies form Honduras. Occasional Papers Mus. Zool. Louisiana State Univ. 28: 1-12.

MONROE, B. L., JR. 1968. A distributional survey of the birds of Honduras. Ornithol. Monogr. No. 7.

MONROE, B. L., Jr., R. C. BANKS, J. W. FITZPATRICK, T. R. HOWELL, N. K. JOHNSON, H. OUELLET, J. V. REMSEN, & R. W. STORER. 1993. Thirty-ninth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds. Auk 110: 675-682.

MONROE, B. L., JR., AND M. R. BROWNING. 1992. A re-analysis of Butorides. Bull. British Ornithol. Club 112: 81-85.

MONROE, B. L., JR., AND T. R. HOWELL. 1966. Geographic variation in Middle American parrots of the Amazona ochrocephala complex. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Louis. State Univ. 34: 1-18.

MONROE, B. L., JR., AND C. G. SIBLEY. 1993. A world checklist of birds. Yale Univ. Press, New Haven Connecticut.

MONTALTI, D., AND KOPIJ, G. 2001. Bird community of inner La Plata City, Argentina. Acta Ornithologica 36: 161-164.

MOORE, W. S., A. C. WEIBEL, AND A. AGIUS . 2006. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny of the woodpecker genus Veniliornis (Picidae, Picinae) and related genera implies convergent evolution of plumage patterns. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 87: 611­624.

MORENO, J. G., R. M. DE AYALA, AND L. G. NARANJO. 1999. Expansión del rango de la paloma coroniblanca Columba leucocephala al territorio continental de Colombia. Caldasia 21: 112-113.

MORONY, J. 1985. Systematic relations of Sericossypha albocristata (Thraupinae). Pp. 383-389 in "Neotropical Ornithology" (P. A. Buckley et al., eds.), Ornithol. Monogr. No. 36.

MOYLE, R. G. 2004. Phylogenetics of barbets (Aves: Piciformes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 187-200.

MOYLE, R. G. 2005. Phylogeny and biogeographical history of the Trogoniformes, a pnatropical bird order. Biological Journal Linnean Society 84: 725-738.

MOYLE, R. G. 2006. A molecular phylogeny of kingfishers (Alcedinidae) with insights into early biogeographic history. Auk 123: 487-499.

MOYLE, R. G., R. T. CHESSER, R. O. PRUM, P. SCHIKLER, AND J. CRACRAFT. 2006. Phylogeny and evolutionary history of Old World suboscine birds (Aves: Eurylaimides). American Museum Novitates 3544: 1-22.

MOYNIHAN, M. 1959. A revision of the family Laridae (Aves). American Museum Novitates 1928: 1-42.

MURPHY, R. C. 1927. On certain forms of Puffinus assimilis and its allies. American Museum Novitates 276: <>.

MURPHY, W. L., AND W. NANAN. 1987. First confirmed record of Western Reef-Heron (Egretta gularis) for South America. American Birds 41: 392-394.

MURRAY, B. W., W. B. McGILIIVRAY, J. C. BARLOW, R. N. BEECH, AND C. STROBECK. 1994. The use of cytochrome b sequence variation in estimation of phylogeny in the Vireonidae. Condor 96: 1037-1054.

NACINOVIC, J. B., AND D. M. TEIXEIRA. 1987. Sobre a ocorrência de Ardea purpurea (Linaeus, 1758) e Ardeola ralloides (Scopoli, 1607) no Brasil (Ciconiiformes, Ardeidae). Pp. 147 in "XIV Congresso Brasileiro de Zoologia", Juiz de Fora, Brasil.

NACINOVIC, J. B., AND D. M. TEIXEIRA. 1989. As aves de Fernando de Noronha: uma lista sistemática anotada. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 49: 709-729.

NAHUM, L. A., S. L. PEREIRA, F. M. C. FERNANDES, S. R. MATIOLI, AND A. WAJNTAL. 2003. Diversification of Ramphastinae (Aves, Ramphastidae) prior to the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary as shown by molecular clock of mt DNA sequences. Genetics Molecular Biology 26: 411-418.

NARANJO H., L. G. 1991. Confirmacion de la presencia de Limnodromus scolopaceus (Aves: Scolopacidae) en Colombia. Trianea (Act. Cient. Tecn. INDERENA) 4: 559-561.

NARANJO, L.G & R. Franke. 1995. Registros inusuales de gaviotas para el occidente Colombiano. Boletín SAO 6: 13-15.

NAROSKY, S. 1977. Una nueva especie del genero Sporophila (Emberizidae). Hornero 11: 345-348.

NAVARRO S., A. G., A. T. PETERSON, E. LÓPEZ-MEDRANO, AND H. BENÍTEZ-DIAZ. 2001. Species limits in Mesoamerican Aulacorhynchus toucanets. Wilson Bulletin 113: 363-372.

NAVAS J.R. Y N.A. BÓ. 1981. Nuevas aportaciones a la taxonomía de las razas geográficas de Eudromia elegans y Eudromia formosa (Aves, Tinamidae). Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" 2: 33-57.

NAVAS, J. R., AND N. A. BÓ. 1982. La posicion taxionomica de "Thripophaga sclateri" y "T. punensis" (Aves: Furnariidae). Communicaciones Mus. Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernadino Rivadavia."

NAVAS, J. R. AND N. A. BÓ. 1987. Notas sobre Furnariidae argentinos (Aves, Passeriformes). Rev. Museo Argentino Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia," Zool. 14: 55-86.

NEBOT, J. C. 1999. First report of the Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) in Venezuela and preliminary observations on its behavior. Ornitologia Neotropical 10: 115-117.

NORBERG, R. Å. 1977. Occurrence and independent evolution of bilateral ear asymmetry in owls and implications in owl taxonomy. Philos. Trans Royal Soc. London 280: 375-408.

NORES, M. 1986. Hornero 12: 262-273.

NORES, M. AND D. YZURIETA. 1979. Una nueva especie y dos nuevas subespecies de aves (Passeriformes). Misc. Acad. Nac. Córdoba Misc. 61: 4-8.

NORES, M., D. YZURIETA, AND R. MIATELLO. 1983. Lista y distribución de las aves de Córdoba, Argentina. Bol. Acad. Nac. Ciencias Córdoba 56: 1-114.

NORTON, R. L. 1984. Cayenne X Sandwich terns nesting in Virgin Islands, Greater Antilles. J. Field Ornith. 55: 243-246.

NOVAES, F. C. 1953. Sobre a validade de Syndactyla mirandae (Snethlage, 1928) (Furnariidae, Aves). Rev. Bras. Biol. 14: 75-76.

NOVAES, F. C. 1959. Variação geográfica e o problema da espécie nas aves do grupo Ramphocelus carbo. Bol. Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi (Zool.). 22: 1-63.

NOVAES, F. C. 1981. A estrutura da espécie nos periquitos do género Pionites Heine (Psittacidae, Aves). Boletim Museu Paraense E. Goeldi (Zoologia) 106: 1-12.

NORTON, R. L. 1984. Cayenne x Sandwich terns nesting in Virgin Islands, Greater Antilles. J. Field Orn. 55: 243-246.

NUNN, G. B., J. COOPER, P. JOUVENTIN, C. J. R. ROBERTSON, AND G. G. ROBERTSON. 1996. Evolutionary relationships among extant albatrosses (Procellariiformes: Diomedeidae) established from complete cytochrome-b gene sequences. Auk 113: 784-801.

NUNN, G. B., AND S. E. STANLEY. 1998. Body size effects and rates of cytochrome b evolution in tube-nosed seabirds. Molecular Biology and Evolution 15: 1360-1371

NYÁRI, A. S. 2007. Phylogeographic patterns, molecular and vocal differentiation, and species limits in Schiffornis turdina (Aves). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44: 154­164.

OATMAN, F., M. A. PLENGE, AND D. SIMON. 1980. First sightings of the Ruff in Peru. American Birds 34: 214.

OBERHOLSER, H. C. 1920. A new name for Anairetes Reichenbach. Auk 37: 458.

OCAMPO-TOBÓN, S. 2005. La Reinita Gorrinegra Wilsonia pusilla (Parulidae), nuevo registro para las Andes de Colombia. Ornitología Colombiana 3: 74-75.

O'HARA, R. J. 1989. An estimate of the phylogeny of the living penguins (Aves: Spheniscidae). American Zoologist 29: 11A.

OHLSON, J., FJELDSÅ, J. & ERICSON, P.G.P. 2008. Tyrant flycatchers coming out in the open: phylogeny and ecological radiation of Tyrannidae (Aves, Passeriformes). Zoologica Scripta 1-21.

OHLSON, J. I., R. O. PRUM, AND P. G. P. ERICSON. 2007. A molecular phylogeny of the cotingas (Aves: Cotingidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42: 25-37.

OLMOS, F. 2001. Revisão dos registros de Procellaria conspicillata no Brasil, com novas observações sobre sua distribuição. Nattereria 2: 16-18.

OLMOS, F., P. MARTUSCELLI, AND R. SILVA E SILVA. 1997. The distribution and dry-season ecology of Pfrimer's Conure Pyrrhura pfrimeri, with a reappraisal of Brazilian Pyrrhura "leucotis." Ornitologia Neotropical 8: 121-132.

OLROG C.C. 1959. Eudromia formosa (Lillo) y Eudromia elegans Is.
Geoffroy (Aves, Tinamiformes). Neotropica 16: 13-20.

OLROG, C. 1960. <>. Neotropica 6: <56>.

OLROG, C. 1962. Notas ornitologicas sobre la colección del Instituto Miguel Lillo (Tucumán). VI. . Acta Zool. Lilloana 18: 111-120.

OLROG, C. 1963. Lista y distribución de las aves argentinas. Opera Lilloana No. 9.

OLROG, C. 1972. Adiciones a la avifauna argentina. Acta Zool. Lilloana 26: 255-266.

OLROG, C. 1979. Nueva lista de la avifauna argentina. Opera Lilloana 27: 1-324.

OLSON, S. L. 1970. The relationships of Porzana flaviventer. Auk 87: 805-808.

OLSON, S. L. 1973. A classification of the Rallidae. Wilson Bulletin 85: 381-416.

OLSON, S. L. 1975a. Remarks on the generic characters of Bulweria. Ibis 117: 111-113.

OLSON, S. L. 1975. <>. Bulletin British Ornithologists' Club 95: 101-104.

OLSON, S. L. 1976. The affinities of the falconid genus Spiziapteryx. Auk 93: 633-636.

OLSON, S. L. 1979. Multiple origins of the Ciconiiformes. Proc. 1978 Conf. Colonial Waterbird Group: 165-170.

OLSON, S. L. 1980. <>. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 93: 473-480.

OLSON, S. L. 1981a. The nature of the variability in the Variable Seedeater in Panama (Sporophila americana: Emberizinae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 94: 380-390.

OLSON, S. L. 1981b. Interaction between the two subspecies groups of the seed-finch Sporophila angolensis in the Magdalena Valley, Colombia. Auk 98: 379-381.

OLSON, S. L. 1981c. A revision of the subspecies of Sporophila ("Oryzoborus") angolensis (Aves: Emberizidae). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 94: 43-51.

OLSON, S. L. 1981d. Systematic notes on certain oscines from Panama and adjacent areas (Aves: Passeriformes). Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 94: 363-373.

OLSON, S. L. 1982. The distribution of fused phalanges of the inner toe in the Accipitridae. Bull. British Ornithol. Club 102: 8-12.

OLSON, S. L. 1983. Evidence for a polyphyletic origin of the Piciformes. Auk 100: 126-133.

OLSON, S. L. 1989. Preliminary systematic notes on some Old World passerines. Riv. Italiano Orn. 59: 183-195.

OLSON, S. L. 1993a. Contributions to avian biogeography from the archipelago and lowlands of Bocas del Toro, Panama. Auk 110: 100-108.

OLSON, S. L. 1993b. Intergradation between the bush-tanagers Chlorospingus punctulatus and C. ophthalmicus in western Panama (Aves: Thraupidae). Auk 110: 148-150.

OLSON, S. L. 1994. The endemic vireo of Fernando de Noronha (Vireo gracilirostris). Wilson Bull. 106: 1-17.

OLSON, S. L. 1995. The genera of owls in the Asioninae. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 115: 35-39.

OLSON, S. L. 2000. A new genus for the Kerguelen Petrel. Bull. British Ornithol. Club 120: 59-62.

OLSON, S. L. 2006. Reflections on the systematics of Accipiter and the genus for Falco superciliosus Linnaeus. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 126:69-70.

OLSON, S. L., AND A. FEDUCCIA. 1980. Relationships and evolution of flamingos (Aves: Phoenicopteridae). Smithsonian Contrib. Zool. 316: 1-73.

OLSON, S. L., M. IRESTEDT, P. G. P. ERICSON, AND J. FJELDSÅ. 2005. Independent evolution of two Darwinian marsh-dwelling ovenbirds (Furnariidae: Limnornis, Limnoctites). Ornitologia Neotropical 16: 347-359.

OLSON, S. L., AND K. I. WARHEIT. 1988. A new genus for Sula abbotti. Bull. British Ornithol. Club 108: 9-12.

OMLAND, K. E., S. M. LANYON, AND S. J. FRITZ. 1999. A molecular phylogeny of the new world orioles (Icterus): The importance of dense taxon sampling. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 12: 224-239.

OMLAND, K. E., AND S. M. LANYON. 2000. Reconstructing plumage evolution in orioles (Icterus): repeated convergence and reversal in patterns. Evolution 54: 2119-2133.

O'NEILL, J. P., AND G. R. GRAVES. 1977. A new genus and species of owl (Aves: Strigidae) from Peru. Auk 94: 409-416.

O'NEILL, J. P., D. F. LANE, A. W. KRATTER, A. P. CAPPARELLA, AND C. FOX JOO. 2000. A striking new species of barbet (Capitoninae: Capito) from the Eastern Andes of Peru. Auk 117: 569-577.

O'NEILL, J. P., AND T. A. PARKER III. 1977. Taxonomy and range of Pionus "seniloides" in Peru. Condor 79: 274.

O'NEILL, J. P., AND T. A. PARKER III. 1981. New subspecies of Pipreola riefferii and Chlorospingus ophthalmicus from Peru. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 101: 294-299.

O'NEILL, J. P., C. A. MUNN, AND I. J. FRANKE. 1991. Nannopsitaca dachilleae, a new species of parrotlet from eastern Peru. Auk 108: 225-229.

ONLEY, D., AND P. SCOFIELD. 2007. Albatrosses, petrels, and shearwaters of the world. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

ORCÉS, <>. 1944. <>. Flora 4: <122>.

OREJUELA, J. E., R. J. RAITT, & H. ALVAREZ. 1980. Differential use by North American migrants of three types of Colombian forests. Pp. 253-264 in "Migrant birds in the Neotropics: ecology, behavior, distribution and conservation" (A. Keast & E. S. Morton, eds.) . Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

OREN, D. C. 1984. Resultados de uma nova expedicão a Fernando de Nornha. Boletim Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi 1: 19-44.

ORENSTEIN, R. I., AND J. C. BARLOW. 1981. Variation in the jaw musculature of the avian family Vireonidae. Life Sci. Contrib. Royal Ontario Mus. 128.

ORMEROD, S. J. 2005. Family Cinclidae (dippers). Pp. 332-355 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 10. Cuckoo-shrikes to thrushes" (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

ORR, R. T. 1963. Comments on the classification of swifts of the subfamily Chaeturinae. Proc. 13th Int. Orn. Congr.: 126-134.

ORTA, J. 1992a. Family Phalacrocoracidae (cormorants). Pp. 326-353 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 1. Ostrich to ducks." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

ORTA, J. 1992b. Family Anhingidae (anhingas). Pp. 354-361 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 1. Ostrich to ducks." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

OTTEMA, O. 2004. First sight record of Alpine Swift Tachymarptis melba for South America, in French Guiana. Cotinga 21: 70-71.

OUELLET, H. 1978. Relationships of woodpecker genera Dendrocopos Koch and Picoides Lacepede (Aves: Picidae). Ardea 65: 165-183.

OUELLET, H. 1992. Speciation, zoogeography, and taxonomic problems in the Neotropical genus Sporophila (Aves: Emberizinae). Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 112A: 225-235.

OUTLAW, D. C., G. VOELKER, B. MILA, AND D. J. GIRMAN. 2003. Evolution of long-distance migration in and the historical biogeography of Catharus thrushes: a molecular phylogenetic approach. Auk 120: 299-310.

OVERTON, L., & D. RHOADS. 2004. Molecular phylogenetic relationships based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences for the todies (Todus, Todidae) of the Caribbean. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution 32: 524-538.

OYARZO, R. H, AND K. T. CEKALOVIC. 1981. Pachyptila salvini (Mathews, 1912), petrel ballena de pico mediano: primera cita para Chile y clave para las especies de Pachyptila (Aves: Procellariiformes, Puffinidae). Boletin Sociedad Biologia Concepcion 52: 247-250.

PACHECO, J. F. 1988. Black-hooded Antwren Formicivora [Myrmotherula] erythronotos rediscovered in Brazil. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 108: 179-182.

PACHECO, J. F. 2000. <for sight record of Philomachus pugnax accepted by CBRO>

PACHECO, J. F., AND L. P. GONZAGA. 1995. A new species of Synallaxis of the ruficapilla/infuscata complex from eastern Brazil (Passeriformes: Furnariidae). Ararajuba 3: 3-11.

PACHECO, J. F., AND B. M. WHITNEY. 1995. <> Ararajuba 3: 43-53.

PACHECO, J. F., AND B. M. WHITNEY. 1998. Correction of the specific name of the Long-trained Nightjar. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 118: 259-261.

PACHECO, J. F., B. M. WHITNEY, AND L. GONZAGA. 1996. A new genus and species of furnariid (Aves: Furnariidae) from the cocoa-growing region of southeastern Bahia, Brazil. Wilson Bull. 108: 397-433.

PACHECO, J. F., B. M. WHITNEY, AND D. PIOLI. 2002. Additional notes on Caprimulgus forcipatus Nitsch, 1840 (= Macropsalis forcipata). Ararajuba 10: 261-277.

PAN, Q.-P., F.-M. LEI, Z.-H. YIN, A. KRISTÍN, AND P. KANUCH. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships between Turdus species: mitochondrial cytochrome b gene analysis. Ornis Fennica 84: 1-11.

PARKER, T. A. III, AND J. L. CARR (eds.). 1992. Status of forest remnants in the Cordillera de la Costa and adjacent areas of southwestern Ecuador. Rapid Assessment Working Papers 2. Conservation International, Washington, DC, 172 pp.

PARKER, T. A. III, M. GELL-MANN, A. CASTILLO U., AND O. ROCHA. 1991. Records of new and unusual birds from northern Bolivia. Bull. Brit. Ornith. Club 111: 120-138.

PARKER, T. A., III, AND J. P. O'NEILL. 1980. Notes on little known birds of the upper Urubamba Valley, southern Peru. Auk 97: 167-176.

PARKER, T. A., III, AND J. P. O'NEILL. 1985. A new species and a new subspecies of Thryothorus wren from Peru. Pp. 9-15 in "Neotropical Ornithology" (P. A. Buckley et al., eds.), Ornithol. Monogr. No. 36.

PARKER, T. A., III, T. S. SCHULENBERG, G. R. GRAVES, AND M. J. BRAUN. 1985. The avifauna of the Huancabamba region, northern Peru. Pp. 169-197 in "Neotropical Ornithology" (P. A. Buckley et al., eds.), Ornithol. Monogr. No. 36.

PARKER, T. A. III, AND J. V. REMSEN, JR. 1987. Fifty-two Amazonian bird species new to Bolivia. Bull. Brit. Ornith. Club 107: 94-107.

PARKER, T. A., III, T. S. SCHULENBERG, M. KESSLER, AND W. H. WUST. 1995. Natural history and conservation of the endemic avifauna in north-west Peru. Bird Conserv. Intern. 5: 201-232.

PARKES, K. C. 1954. The generic name of the Rice Grackle. Condor 56: 229.

PARKES, K. C. 195). The juvenal plumages of the finch genera Atlapetes and Pipilo. Auk 74: 499-502.

PARKES, K. C. 1958. Specific relationships in the genus Elanus. Condor 60: 139-140.

PARKES, K. C. 1961. Intergeneric hybrids in the family Pipridae. Condor 63: 345-350.

PARKES, K. C. 1973. Distribution and generic placement of the Plain Tyrannulet (Inezia inornata). Condor 75: 249-250.

PARKES, K. C. 1993. Systematics and nomenclature of the Andean Swallow, "Petrochelidon" andecola. Auk 110: 947-950.

PARKES, K. C., AND E. R. BLAKE. 1965. Taxonomy and nomenclature of the Bronzed Cowbird. Fieldiana (Zool.) 44: 207-216.

PARKES, K. C., AND A. WETMORE. 1954. Notes on the generic affiliations of the Great Grebe of South America. Journal of Wash. Academy of Sciences 44: <>.

PARMELEE, D. F. 1988. The hybrid skua: a southern ocean enigma. Wilson Bull. 100: 345-356.

PARTRIDGE, W. H. 1961. Accipiter pectoralis, a synonym of Accipiter poliogaster. Condor 63: 505-506.

PASQUET, E., A. CIBOIS, F. BAILLON, AND C. ERARD. 1999. Relationships between the ant-thrushes Neocossyphus and the flycatcher-thruses Stizorhina, and their position relative to Myadestes, Entomodestes and some other Turdidae (Passeriformes). J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Research 37: 177-183.

PATERSON, A. M., R. D. GRAY, AND G.P. WALLIS. 1993. Parasites, petrels and penguins - does louse presence reflect seabird phylogeny? International Journal Parasitology 23: 515-526.

PATON, T. A., A. J. BAKER, J. G. GROTH, AND G. F. BARROWCLOUGH. 2003. RAG-1 sequences resolve phylogenetic relationships within charadriiform birds. Molecular Phylogenetics Evolution 29: 268-278.

PATTESON, J. B., AND G. L. AMISTEAD. 2004. First record of Cape Verde Shearwater (Calonectris edwardsii) for North America. North America Birds 58: 468-473.

PAYNE, R. B. 1974. Species limits and variation of the New World Green Herons Butorides virescens and Striated Herons Butorides striatus. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 94: 81-88.

PAYNE, R. B. 1979. Family Ardeidae. Pp. 193-244 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 1, Second Edition" (Mayr, E. & G. W. Cottrell, eds.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PAYNE, R. B. 1997. Family Cuculidae (cuckoos). Pp. 508-610 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 4. Sandgrouse to cuckoos." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

PAYNE, R. B. 2005. The cuckoos. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

PAYNE, R. B., AND C. J. RISLEY. 1976. Systematics and evolutionary relationships among the herons (Ardeidae). Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool., Misc. Publ. 150.

PAYNTER, R. A., JR. 1993. Ornithological Gazetteer of Ecuador. Second ed. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PAYNTER, R. A., JR., AND C. VAURIE. 1960. Family Troglodytidae. Pp. 379-440 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 9" (Mayr, E., and J. C. Greenway, Jr., eds.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PAYNTER, R. A., JR. 1964. Subfamily Polioptilinae. Pp. 443-455 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 10" (Mayr, E., and R. A. Paynter, Jr., eds.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PAYNTER, R. A., JR. 1967. <>. Breviora 278.

PAYNTER, R. A., JR. 1970a. Subfamily Emberizinae. Pp. 3-214 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 13" (Paynter R. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PAYNTER, R. A., JR. 1970b. Subfamily Catamblyrhynchinae. P. 215 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 13" (Paynter R. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PAYNTER, R. A., JR. 1970c. Subfamily Cardinalinae. Pp. 216-245 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 13" (Paynter R. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PAYNTER, R. A., JR. Biology and evolution of Atlapetes schistaceus species-group (Aves: Emberizinae). 1972. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 143: 297-320.

PAYNTER, R. A., JR. 1978. Biology and evolution of the avian genus Atlapetes (Emberizinae). Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 148: 323-369.

PEARMAN, M. 1993. <>.

PEATFILED, J. 1981. Birds and sea-mammals report. Warrah 1: 7-15.

PENHALLURICK, J. 2001. Primolius Bonaparte, 1857 has priority over Propyrrhura. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 121: 38-39.

PEREIRA, G. A., S. M. DANTAS, AND M. C. PERIQUITO. 2006. Possível registro de Leptodon forbesi no Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 14:441-444.

PEREIRA, S. L., AND A.J. BAKER. 2004. Vicariant speciation of curassows (Aves, Cracidae): a hypothesis based on mitochondrial DNA phylogeny. Auk 121: 682-694.

PEREIRA, S. L., AND A. J. BAKER. 2005. Multiple gene evidence for parallel evolution and retention of ancestral morphological states in the shanks (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae). Condor 107:514-526.

PEREIRA, S. L., A. J. BAKER, AND A. WAJNTAL. 2002. Combined nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences resolve generic relationships within the Cracidae (Galliformes, Aves). Systematic Biology 51: 946-958.

PERÉZ-EMÁN, J. L. 2005. Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Neotropical redstarts (Myioborus; Aves, Parulinae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32:511-528.

PERGOLANI DE COSTA, <>. 1962. <>. Acta Zool. Lilloana 18: <194>.

PETERS, J. L. 1931. Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 1. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PETERS, J. L. 1934. Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 2. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PETERS, J. L. 1937. Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 3. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PETERS, J. L. 1938. Systematic position of the genus Ciccaba Wagler. Auk 55: 179-186.

PETERS, J. L. 1940. Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 4. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PETERS, J. L. 1945. Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 5. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PETERS, J. L. 1948. Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 6. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PETERS, J. L. 1951. Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 7. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PETERS, J. L. 1960. Family Hirundinidae. Pp. 80-129 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 9" (Mayr, E., and J. C. Greenway, Jr., eds.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

PETERS, J. L., AND E. R. BLAKE. 1948. Microsittace not different genetically from Enicognathus. Auk 65: 288-289.

PETERS, J. L., AND <>. GRISWOLD. 1943. <>. Bull. Museum Comparative Zoology 92: <294>.

PETERSEN, W. R., AND D McRAE. 2002. Noteworthy bird records for Trinidad and Tobago, including first reports of Wood Sandpiper (Tringa glareola) and White-eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus). Dept. Life Sciences, Univ. West Indies, St. Augustine, Occasional Paper 11: 204-206

PETREN, K., B.R. GRANT, & P.R GRANT. 1999. A phylogeny of Darwin's finches based on microsatellite DNA length variation. Proc. Royal Soc. London B 266: 321-329.

PHELPS, W. H., AND W. H. PHELPS, JR. 1946. <>. Boletín Sociedad Venezolana Ciencias Naturales 10: <233>.

PHELPS, W. H., AND W. H. PHELPS, JR. 1950. Seven new subspecies of Venezuelan birds. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washingtion 93: 122<>.

PHELPS, W. H., AND W. H. PHELPS, JR. 1950a. Lista de las aves de Venezuela con su distribución. Parte 2. Passeriformes. Boletín Sociedad Venezolana Ciencias Naturales 12: 1-427.

PHELPS, W. H., AND W. H. PHELPS, JR. 1950x. <>. Boletín Sociedad Venezolana Ciencias Naturales 12: <>.

PHELPS, W. H., AND W. H. PHELPS, JR. 1958. <>. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washingtion 71: <122>.

PHELPS, W. H., AND W. H. PHELPS, JR. 1958. Lista de las aves de Venezuela con su distribución. Parte 1. No Passeriformes. Boletín Sociedad Venezolana Ciencias Naturales 19: 1-317.

PHELPS, W. H., AND W. H. PHELPS, JR. 1963. <>. Boletin Sociedad Venez. Ciencias Naturales 24: <104>.

PHELPS, W. H. JR. 1977. Una nueva especie y dos nuevas subespecies de aves (Psittacidae, Furnariidae) de la Sierra de Perija cerca de la divisoria colomb-venezolana. Boletin Sociedad Venez. Ciencias Naturales 33: 43-53.

PHILLIPS, A. R., J. MARSHALL, AND G. MONSON. 1964. The birds of Arizona. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

PHILLIPS, A. R., AND K. C. PARKES. 1955. Taxonomic comments on the Western Wood Pewee. Condor 57: 244.

PIERCE, R. J. 1996. Family Recurvirostridae (stilts and avocets). Pp. 332-347 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 3. Hoatzin to auks." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

PIERPONT, N., AND J. W. FITZPATRICK. 1983. Specific status and behavior of Cymbilaimus sanctaemariae, the Bamboo antshrike, from southwestern Amazonia. Auk 100: 645-652.

PINTO, O. M. DE O. 1938. Catalago das aves do Brasil. Parte 1. Rev. Museu Paulista 22: 1-566.

PINTO, O. M. DE O. 1944. Catalago das aves do Brasil. Parte 2. Departamento de Zoologia da Agricultura, Industria e Comercio, São Paulo, Brasil, 700 pp.

PINTO, O. M. DE O. 1947. Contribução à ornitologia do baixo Amazonas. Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado do São Paulo 5: 311-482.

PINTO, O. M. DE O. 1978. Novo catálago das aves do Brasil, parte 1. São Paulo.

PINTO, O. M. DE O., AND E. A. DE CAMARGO. 1948. <>. Papeis Avulsos São Paulo 8: <320>.

PINTO, O. M. DE O., AND E. A. DE CAMARGO. 1955. <>. Papeis Avulsos São Paulo 8: <225>.

PINTO, O. M. DE O., AND E. A. DE CAMARGO. 1957. <>. Papeis Avulsos São Paulo 13:<>.

PINTO, O. M. DE O., AND E. A. DE CAMARGO. 1961. <>. Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado do São Paulo 11: 193-284.

PITMAN, R. L., AND JEHL, J. R., JR. 1998. Geographic variation and reassessment of species limits in the "masked" boobies of the eastern Pacific Ocean. Wilson Bull. 110: 155-170.

PITELKA, F. A. 1951. Central American races of Cyanolyca mitrata. Condor 53: 97-98.

PLOTNIK, R. 1956. <>. Rev. Inv. Agric. 10: <>.

PLOTNIK, R. 1956a. Posición sistematica del género Heterospizias. Hornero 10: 136-139.

PLOTNIK, R. 1958. <>. Physis 21: <131>.

POOLE, A. F. 1994. Family Pandionidae (Osprey). Pp. 42-51 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 2. New World vultures to guineafowl." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

PONS, J.-M., A. HASSANIN, AND P.-A. CROCHET. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships within the Laridae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from mitochondrial markers. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution 37: 686-699.

POST, P. W., AND R. H. LEWIS. 1995. The Lesser Black-backed Gull in the Americas: occurrence and subspecific identity, part I. Birding 27: 282-290.

POULSEN, B. O. 1993. A contact zone between Mountain and Carunculated caracaras in Ecuador. Wilson Bull. 105: 688-691.

PRATT, H. D. 1991. Hybridization of Great-tailed and Boat-tailed grackles (Quiscalus) in Louisiana. J. Louis. Ornith. 2: 2-14.

PRATT, H. D., P. L. BRUNER, AND D. G. BERRETT. 1987. A field guide to the birds of Hawaii and the tropical Pacific. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

PRICE, J. J., AND S. M. LANYON. 2002. A robust phylogeny of the oropendolas: polyphyly revealed by mitochondrial sequence data. Auk 119: 335-348.

PRICE, J. J., AND S. M. LANYON. 2004. Patterns of song evolution and sexual selection in the oropendolas and caciques. Behav. Ecology 15: 485-497.

PRUM, R.O. 1988a. Phylogenetic interrelationships of the barbets (Aves: Capitonidae) and toucans (Aves: Ramphastidae) based on morphology with comparisons to DNA-DNA hybridization. Zool. J. Linnaean Soc. 92: 313-343.

PRUM, R.O. 1988b. Historical relationships among avian forest areas of endemism in the Neotropics. Acta Congressus Internationalis Ornithologici XIX: 2562-2572.

PRUM, R.O. 1990a. A test of the monophyly of the manakins (Pipridae) and of the cotingas (Cotingidae) based on morphology. Occ. Papers Museum of Zoology, Univ. of Michigan 723: 1-44.

PRUM, R.O. 1990b. Phylogenetic analysis of the evolution of display behaviour in the Neotropical manakins (Aves: Pipridae). Ethology 84: 202-231.

PRUM, R. O. 1992. Syringeal morphology, phylogeny, and evolution of the Neotropical manakins (Aves: Pipridae). American Museum Novitates 3043: 1-65.

PRUM, R. O. 1994a. Phylogenetic analysis of the evolution of alternative social behavior in the manakins (Aves: Pipridae). Evolution 48: 1657-1675.

PRUM, R. O. 1994b. Species status of the White-fronted Manakin, Lepidothrix serena (Pipridae), with comments on conservation biology. Condor 96: 692-702.

PRUM, R. O. 2001. A new genus for the Andean green pihas. Ibis 143: 307-309.

PRUM, R. O., AND W. E. LANYON. 1989. Monophyly and phylogeny of the Schiffornis group (Tyrannoidea). Condor 91: 444-461.

PRUM, R.O., AND A. E. JOHNSON. 1987. Display behavior, foraging ecology, and systematics of the Golden-winged Manakin (Masius chrysopterus). Wilson Bull. 87: 521-539.

PRUM, R.O., N. H. RICE, J. A. MOBLEY JA, AND W, W. DIMMICK. 2000. A preliminary phylogenetic hypothesis for the cotingas (Cotingidae) based on mitochondrial DNA . Auk 117: 236-241.

PRYCHITKO, T. M., AND W. S. MOORE. 2000. Comparative evolution of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and nuclear B-fibrinogen intron 7 in woodpeckers. Molecular Biology and Evolution 17: 1101-1110.

PRYCHITKO, T. M., AND W. S. MOORE. 2003. Alignment and phylogenetic analysis of B-fibrinogen intron 7 sequences among avian orders reveal conserved regions within the intron. Molecular Biology and Evolution 20: 762-771.

PUGNALI, G., D. BLANCO, & H. RODRíGUEZ GOÑI. 1988. A record of the Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus (Aves, Scolopacidae) at Punta Rasa, on the Atlantic coast of Buenos Aires Prov. Argentina. Nótulas Faunisticas 13: 1-2.

RAIKOW, R. J. 1978. Appendicular myology and relationships of the New World nine-primaried oscines (Aves: Passeriformes). Bull. Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist. 7: 1-43.

RAIKOW, R. J. 1994. A phylogeny of the woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptinae). Auk 111: 104-114.

RAIKOW, R. J., AND J. CRACRAFT. 1983. Monophyly of the Piciformes: a reply to Olson. Auk 100: 134-138.

RAMíREZ LLORENS, P. 1996. Sula capensis en el Canal Beagle, Argentina. Hornero 14: 67-68.

RAMO, C., AND B. BUSTO. 1983. Are Scarlet Ibis, Eudocimus ruber, and White Ibis, Eudocimus albus, different species. Doñana Acta Vert. 9: 404-408.

RAMO, C., AND B. BUSTO. 1985. Comportamiento reproductivo del Corocoro (Eudocimus ruber) en los llanos de Venezuela. Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle 123: 77-113.

RAMO, C., AND B. BUSTO. 1987. Hybridization between the Scarlet Ibis (Eudocimus ruber) and the White Ibis (Eudocimus albus) in Venezuela. Colonial Waterbirds 10: 111-114.

RAND, A. L. 1960. Races of the Short-tailed Hawk. Auk 77: 448-459.

RAND, A. L., AND M. A. TRAYLOR, JR. 1953. The systematic position of the genera Ramphocaenus and Microbates. Auk 70: 334-337.

RAPOSO A., F. S., M. J. MILLER, L. F. SILVEIRA, E. BERMINGHAM, AND A. WAJNTAL. 2006. Polyphyly of the hawk genera Leucopternis and Buteogallus (Aves, Accipitridae): multiple habitat shifts during the Neotropical buteonine diversification. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2006, 6:10.

RAPOSO, M. A. 1997. A new species of Arremon (Passeriformes: Emberizidae) from Brazil. Ararajuba 5: 3-9.

RAPOSO, M. A., AND R. PARRINI. 1997. On the validity of the Half-collared Sparrow Arremon semitorquatus Swainson, 1827. Bulletin Brit. Orn. Club 117: 294-298.

RAPOSO, M. A., R. PARRINI, AND M. NAPOLI. 1998. Taxonomia, morfometria e bioacústica do grupo especifico Hylophilus poicilotis/H. amaurocephalus. Ararajuba 6: 87-109.

RAPOSO, M. A., R. STOPIGLIA, V. LOSKOT, AND G. M. KIRWAN. 2006. The correct use of the name Scytalopus speluncae (Ménétriés, 1835), and the description of a new species of Brazilian tapaculo (Aves: Passeriformes: Rhinocryptidae). Zootaxa 1271: 37-56.

RASMUSSEN, P. C. 1991. Relationships between coastal South American King and Blue-eyed shags. Condor 93: 825-839.

RASMUSSEN, P. C., AND N. J. COLLAR. 2002. Family Bucconidae (puffbirds). Pp. 102-139 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 7. Jacamars to woodpeckers." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

REA, A. 1983. Cathartid affinities; a brief overview. Pages 26-56 in Vulture biology and management (S. R. Wilbur and J. A. Jackson, Eds.). Univ. California Press, Berkeley, California.

RÊGO, P. S., J. ARARIPE, M. L. V. MARCELIANO, I. SAMPAIO, AND H. SCHNEIDER. 2007. Phylogenetic analyses of the genera Pipra, Lepidothrix and Dixiphia (Pipridae, Passeriformes) using partial cytochrome b and 16S mtDNA genes. Zoologica Scripta 36: 565-575.

REMSEN, J. V., JR. 1981. A new subspecies of Schizoeaca harterti (Aves: Furnariidae) with notes on taxonomy and natural history of Schizoeaca. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 94: 1068-1075.

REMSEN, J. V., JR. 1984. Geographic variation, zoogeography, and possible rapid evolution in some Cranioleuca spinetails (Furnariidae) of the Andes. Wilson Bull. 96: 515-523.

REMSEN, J. V., JR. 1984b. Natural history notes on some poorly known Bolivian birds, part 2. Gerfaut 74: 163-179.

REMSEN, J. V., JR. 1993. Zoogeography and geographic variation in Atlapetes rufinucha (Aves: Emberizinae), including a distinctive new subspecies, in southern Peru and Bolivia. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 106: 429-435.

REMSEN, J. V., JR. 1997a. [Review of:] "The Birds of South America. Volume II." by R. S. Ridgely and G. Tudor. Auk 114: 147-152.

REMSEN, J. V., JR. 1997b. A new genus for the Yellow-shouldered Grosbeak. Pp. 89-90 in "Studies in Neotropical ornithology honoring Ted Parker" (Remsen, J. V., Jr., Ed.). Ornithological Monographs No. 48.

REMSEN, J. V., JR. 2003. Family Furnariidae (ovenbirds). Pp. 162-357 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 8. Broadbills to tapaculos." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

REMSEN, J. V., JR., AND W. S. GRAVES, IV. 1995. Distribution patterns of Buarremon brush-finches (Emberizidae) and interspecific competition in Andean birds. Auk 112: 225-236.

RENNER, S. C., AND K.-L. SCHUCHMANN. 2004. Biogeography, geographical variation, and taxonomy of the hummingbird genera Eugenes Gould, 1856, Sternoclyta Gould, 1858, and Hylonympha Gould, 1873 (Aves: Trochilidae). Ornithol. Anz. 43: 103-114.

RESTALL, R. 1996. Munias and mannikins. Yale Univ. Press, New Haven and London.

RESTALL, R. l. 2002. Is the Ring-necked Seedeater (Sporophila insularis) from Trinidad extinct, or is it a cryptic species widespread in Venezuela? Pp. 37-44 in "Studies in Trinidad and Tobago ornithology honouring Richard ffrench" (Hayes, F. E., and S. A. Temple, eds). Occasional Paper No. 11, Department of Life Sciences, University of West Indies, Trinidad.

RESTALL, R., C. RODNER, AND M. LENTINO. 2006. Birds of northern South America. An identification guide. Christopher Helm, London.

RHEINDT, F. E., AND J. J. AUSTIN. 2005. Major analytical and conceptual shortcomings in a recent revision of the Procellariiformes - a reply to Penhallurick and Wink (2004). Emu 105: 181-186.

RIBAS, C. C., R. GABAN-LIMA, C. Y. MIYAKI, AND J. CRACRAFT. 2005. Historical biogeography and diversification within the Neotropical parrot genus Pionopsitta (Aves: Psittacidae). Journal Biogeography 32: 1409-1427.

RIBAS, C. C., R. G. MOYLE, C. Y. MIYAKI, AND J. CRACRAFT. 2007. The assembly of montane biotas: linking Andean tectonics and climate oscillations to independent regimes of diversification in Pionus parrots. Proceedings Royal Society B 274: 2399-2408.

RIBAS, C. C., L. JOSEPH, AND C. Y. MIYAKI. 2006. Molecular systematics and patterns of diversification in Pyrrhura (Psittacidae), with special reference to the picta-leucotis complex. Auk 123: 660-680.

RIBEIRO, <>. 1920. <>. Bulletin British Ornithologists' Club. 121: 38-39.

RICE, N. H. 2005a. Phylogenetic relationships of antpitta genera (Passeriformes: Formicariidae). Auk 122: 673-683.

RICE, N. H. 2005b. Further evidence for paraphyly of the Formicariidae (Passeriformes). Condor 107: 910-915.

RIDGELY R. S. 1980. Notes on some rare or previously unrecorded birds in Ecuador. American Birds 34: 242-248.

RIDGELY , R. S., AND P. J. GREENFIELD. 2001. The birds of Ecuador. Vol. I. Status, distribution, and taxonomy. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.

RIDGELY R. S., AND J. A. GWYNNE. 1989. A guide to the birds of Panama, with Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras (2nd ed.). Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

RIDGELY, R. S., AND M. B. ROBBINS. 1988. Pyrrhura orcesi , a new parakeet from southwestern Ecuador, with systematic notes on the P. melanura complex. Wilson Bull. 100: 173-182.

RIDGELY, R. S., AND G. TUDOR. 1989. The birds of South America, vol. 1. Univ. Texas Press, Austin.

RIDGELY, R. S., AND G. TUDOR. 1994. The birds of South America, vol. 2. Univ. Texas Press, Austin.

RIDGWAY, R. 1901. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 1.

RIDGWAY, R. 1902. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 2.

RIDGWAY, R. 1904. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 3.

RIDGWAY, R. 1907. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 4.

RIDGWAY, R. 1911. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5.

RIDGWAY, R. 1914. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6.

RIDGWAY, R. 1916. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7.

RIDGWAY, R. 1919. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 8.

RIDGWAY, R., AND H. FRIEDMANN. 1941. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 9.

RIDGWAY, R., AND H. FRIEDMANN. 1946. The birds of North and Middle America. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 10.

RIESING, M. J., L. KRUCKENHAUSER, A. GAMAUF, AND E. HARiNG. 2003. Molecular phylogeny of the genus Buteo (Aves: Accipitridae) based on mitochondrial marker sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution 27: 328-342.

RIPLEY, S. D. 1945. The barbets. Auk 62: 542-563.

RIPLEY, S. D. 1946. The barbets - errata and addenda. Auk 63: 452.

RIPLEY, S. D. 1952. The thrushes. Postilla 13: 1-48.

RIPLEY, S. D. 1964. Subfamily Turdinae. Pp. 13-227 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 10" (Mayr, E., and R. A. Paynter, Jr., eds.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

RIPLEY, S. D. 1977. Rails of the world. David R. Godine, Boston.

RISING, J. D., AND F. W. SCHUELER. 1980. Identification and status of wood pewees (Contopus) from the Great Plains : what are sibling species. Condor 82: 301-308.

ROBBINS, M. B., AND S. N. G. HOWELL. 1995. A new species of pygmy-owl from the eastern Andes. Wilson Bull. 107: 1-6.

ROBBINS, M. B., AND T. A. PARKER III. 1997. Voice and taxonomy of Caprimulgus (rufus) otiosus (Caprimulgidae), with a reevaluation of Caprimulgus rufus subspecies. Pp. 601-607 in "Studies in Neotropical ornithology honoring Ted Parker" (Remsen, J. V., Jr., Ed.). Ornithological Monographs No. 48.

ROBBINS, M. B., AND R. S. RIDGELY. 1991. Sipia rosenbergi (Formicariidae) is a synonym of Myrmeciza [laemosticta] nigricauda, with comments on the validity of the genus Sipia. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 111: 11-18.

ROBBINS, M. B., AND R. S. RIDGELY. 1992. Taxonomy and natural-history of Nyctiphrynus rosenbergi. Condor 94: 984-987.

ROBBINS, M. B., R. S. RIDGELY, T. S. SCHULENBERG, AND F. B. GILL. 1987. The avifauna of the Cordillera de Cutucú, Ecuador, with comparisons to other Andean localities. Proc. Academy Natural Sciences Philadelphia 139: 242-259.

ROBBINS, M. B., G. H. ROSENBERG, AND F. SORNOZA M. 1994. A new species of cotinga (Cotingidae, Doliornis) from the Ecuadorean Andes, with comments on plumage sequences in Doliornis and Ampelion. Auk 111: 1-7

ROBBINS, M. B., G. H. ROSENBERG, F. SORNOZA M., AND M. A. JÁCOME. 1997. Taxonomy and nest description of the Tumbes Swallow (Tachycineta [albilinea] stolzmanni). Pages 609-612 in Studies in Neotropical ornithology honoring Ted Parker (Remsen, J. V., Jr., Ed.). Ornithological Monographs No. 48.

ROBBINS, M. B., AND F. G. STILES. 1999. A new species of pygmy-owl (Strigidae: Glaucidium) from the Pacific slope of the northern Andes. Auk 116: 305-315.

ROBBINS, M. B., AND K. J. ZIMMER. 2005. Taxonomy, vocalisations and natural history of Philydor dimidiatum (Furnariidae), with comments on the systematics of Syndactyla and Simoxenops. Bulletin British Ornith. Club 125: 212-228.

ROBERSON, D., AND L. F. BAPTISTA. 1988. White-shielded coots in North America: a critical evaluation. American Birds 42: 1241-1246.

ROBERTSON, C. J. R., AND NUNN. 1998. Towards a new taxonomy for albatrosses. Pp. #-# in "Albatross biology and conservation" (Robertson, G. and R. Gales, Eds.). Beatty & Sons, Chipping Norton, <>.

ROBINS, J. D., AND G. D. SCHNELL. 1971. Skeletal analysis of the Ammodramus-Ammospiza grassland complex: a numerical taxonomic study. Auk 88: 567-590.

RODNER, C., M. LENTINO, AND R. RESTALL. 2000. Checklist of the birds of northern South America. Yale University Press.

RODRÍGUEZ, J. V. 1980. Notas sobre Dumetella carolinensis (Linnaeus) y primer registro de Hylocichla mustelina (Gmelin) (Aves: Mimidae y Turdidae) en Colombia. Lozania 30: 7-8.

ROMERO, Z. H. AND J. V. RODRIGUEZ. 1980. Hallazgo de Oncostoma cinereigulare (Sclater) (Aves: Tyrannidae) en Colombia. Lozania 31: 5-6.

ROWLETT, J. 2003. [Review of]: "The Birds of Ecuador, Volume I: Status, Distribution, and Taxonomy. Volume II: Field guide." Auk 120: 562-568.

ROY, M. S., J. C. TORRES-MURA, AND F. HERTEL. 1999. Molecular phylogeny and evolutionary history of the tit-tyrants (Aves: Tyrannidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 11: 67-76.

RUDGE, D. W., & R. J. RAIKOW. 1992. The phylogenetic relationships of the Margarornis assemblage (Furnariidae). Condor 94: 760-766.

RUMBOLL, M. A. E. 1974. Una nueva especie de macá (Podicipitidae) <sic?>. Communicaciones Museo Argentino Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (Zool) 4: 33.

RUSCHI, A. 1963. Notes on Trochilidae: the genus Augastes. Proc. XIII Int. Ornithol. Congr. 141-146.

RUSCHI, A. 1972. Uma nova especie de beija-flor do E. F. Santo, Phaethornis margarettae. Boletin. Museu Biol. Mello Leitao, Zool. Ser. 35: 1-5.

RUSCHI, A. 1973a. Uma nova especie de beija-flor do E. E. Santo, Phaethornis nigrirostris. Bol. Mus. Biol. Mello Leitao, Zool. Ser. 36: 1-3.

RUSCHI, A. 1973b. Uma nova especie de Threnetes (Aves, Trochilidae): Threnetes grzimeki, sp. n." Bol. Mus. Biol. Mello Leitao, Ser. Zool. 37.

RUSCHI, A. 1982. Uma nova espécie de Beija-flor do Brasil: Amazilia rondoniae n.sp. e a chave para determinar as espécies de Amazilia que ocorrem no Brasil. Bol. Mus. Biol. Prof. "Mello Leitao" Santa Teresa, Sér. Zool. 100: 1-2. <check original title>

RUSSELLO, M. A., AND G. AMATO. 2004. A molecular phylogeny of Amazona: implications for Neotropical parrot biogeography, taxonomy, and conservation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30: 421-437.

RYAN, P. G. 1998. The taxonomic and conservation status of the Spectacled Petrel Procellaria conspicillata. Bird Conservation International 8: 223-235.

RYAN, R. 1997. First record of Little Egret Egretta garzetta from Guyana. Cotinga 8: 92.

SALAMAN, P., N. BAYLY, R. BURRIDGE, M. GRANTHAM, M. GURNEY, A. QUEVEDO, L. E. URUEÑA, & T. DONEGAN. 2008. Sixteen bird species new for Colombia. Conservacion Colombiana 5: 80-85.

SALAMAN, P., T. CUADROS, J. G. JARAMILLO, AND W. H. WEBER. 2001. Lista de chequeo de las aves de Colombia. Sociedad Antioqueña de Ornitología, Medellín, Colombia.

SALAMAN, P., P. COOPMANS, T. M. DONEGAN, M. MULLIGAN, A. CORTES, S. L. HILTY, AND L. F. ORTEGA. 2003. A new species of wood-wren (Troglodytidae: Henicorhina) from the Western Andes of Colombia. Ornitología Colombiana 1: 4-21.

SALAMAN P., T. DONEGAN, AND D. CARO. 2007. Listado de avifauna colombiana. Conservación Colombiana 2, Suplemento, 85 pp.

SALAMAN, P. G., AND F. G. STILES. 1996. A distinctive new species of vireo (Passeriformes: Vireonidae) from the Western Andes of Colombia. Ibis 138: 610-619.

SALAMAN, P., F. G. STILES, C. I. BOHÓRQUEZ, M. ÁLVAREZ-R., A. M. UMANA, T. M. DONEGAN, AND A. M. CUERVO. 2002. New and noteworthy bird records from the east slope of the Andes in Colombia. Caldasia 24:157-189.

SALVIN, . 1896. Catalogue of the birds of the British Museum. <>

SANGSTER, G. 1997. Species limits in flamingos, with comments on lack of consensus in taxonomy. Dutch Birding 19: 193-198.

SATO, A., C. O'HUIGIN, F. FIGUEROA, P. R. GRANT, B. R. GRANT, H. TICHY, AND J. KLEIN. 1999. Phylogeny of Darwin's finches as revealed by mtDNA sequences. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 96: 5101-5106.

SATO, A., H. TICHY, C. O'HUIGIN, P. R. GRANT, B. R. GRANT, AND J. KLEIN. 2001. On the origin of Darwin's finches. Mol. Biol. Evol. 18: 299-311.

SAVIGNY, C. 2002. Observaciones sobre aves marinas en aguas argentinas, sudeste Bonaerense y Patagonia. Cotinga 18: 81-84.

SCHNEIDER, <>. 1938. <>. J. Orn. 86: <86-105>.

SCHNELL, G. D. 1970a. A phenetic study of the suborder Lari (Aves). I. Methods and results of principal components analysis. Systematic Zoology 19: 35-57.

SCHNELL, G. D. 1970b. A phenetic study of the suborder Lari (Aves). II. Phenograms. Systematic Zoology 19: 264-302.

SCHREIWEIS, D. O. 1982. A comparative study of the apendicular musculature of penguins (Aves: Sphenisciformes). Smithsonian Contributions Zoology 341: 1-46.

SCHUCHMANN, K.-L. 1982. Zur Biologie des Königskolibris (Topaza pella). Trochilus 3: 57-61.

SCHUCHMANN, K.-L. 1985. Schillerkolibris (Aglaeactis sp.). Trochilus 6:2-8.

SCHUCHMANN, K. L. 1995. Taxonomy and biology of the Tooth-billed Hummingbird Androdon aequatorialis. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl. 71, Suppl. Ann. Orn. 16:109-113.

SCHUCHMANN, K.-L. 1997. The display of the Booted Racket-tailed Hummingbird Ocreatus underwoodii, with notes on the systematic position of the genus. Bulletin British Ornithologists' Club 107:20-22.

SCHUCHMANN, K.-L. 1999. Family Trochilidae (hummingbirds). Pp. 468-680 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 5. Barn-owls to hummingbirds." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

SCHUCHMANN, K.-L. AND K. DUFFNER. 1993). Geograpische Variation und Speziationsmuster der andinen Kolibrigattung Aglaiocercus Zimmer 1930. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 69, Suppl, Ann. Orn. 17: 75-92.

SCHUCHMANN, K.-L. AND M. HEINDL. 1997. Biogeographie, geographische Variation und Taxonomie der andinen Kolibrigattung Chalcostigma Reichenbach, 1854. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 73, Suppl. Ann. Orn. 21:131-153.

SCHUCHMANN, K.-L., A.-A. WELLER, AND I. HEYNEN. 2000. Biogeography and taxonomy of the Andean hummingbird genus Haplophaedia Simon (Aves: Trochilidae), with the description of a new subspecies from southern Ecuador. Orn. Anz. 39: 17-42.

SCHUCHMANN, K. L., A.-A. WELLER, AND I. HEYNEN. 2001a. Biogeography and geographic variation of the Andean hummingbird taxon Boissonneaua Reichenbach, 1854 (Aves, Trochilidae). Ornitologia Neotropical 12:93-108.

SCHUCHMANN, K.-L., A.-A. WELLER, AND I. HEYNEN. 2001b. Systematics and biogeography of the Andean genus Eriocnemis (Aves: Trochilidae). Journal für Ornithologie 142: 433-481.

SCHULENBERG, T. S. 1983. Foraging behavior, eco-morphology and systematics of some antshrikes (Formicariidae; Thamnomanes). Wilson Bull. 95: 505-521.

SCHULENBERG, T. S. 1985. An intergeneric hybrid conebill (Conirostrum X Oreomanes) from Peru. Pp. 390-395 in "Neotropical Ornithology" (P. A. Buckley et al., eds.), Ornithol. Monogr. No. 36.

SCHULENBERG, T. S., S. A. ALLEN, D. F. STOTZ, AND D. A. WIEDENFELD. 1984. Distributional records from the Cordillera Yanachaga, central Peru. Gerfaut 74: 57-70.

SCHULENBERG, T. S., AND L. C. BINFORD. 1985. A new species of tanager (Emberizidae: Thraupinae, Tangara) from southern Peru. Wilson Bull. 97: 413-420.

SCHULENBERG, T. S., AND T. A. PARKER III. 1997. A new species of tyrant-flycatcher (Tyrannidae: Tolmomyias) from the western Amazonian basin. Pp. 723-731 Pp. 37-44 in "Studies in Neotropical ornithology honoring Ted Parker" (Remsen, J. V., Jr., Ed.). Ornithological Monographs No. 48.

SCHULENBERG, T. S., AND D. F. STOTZ. 1991. The taxonomic status of Myrmeciza stictothorax (Todd). Auk 108: 731-733.

SCHULENBERG, T. S., D. F. STOTZ, D. F. LANE, J. P. O'NEILL, AND T. A. PARKER III. 2007. Birds of Peru. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

SCHULENBERG, T. S., AND M. D. WILLIAMS. 1982. A new species of antpitta (Grallaria) from northern Peru. Wilson Bull. 94: 105-113.

SCHWARTZ, P. 1968. Notes on two Neotropical nightjars, Caprimulgus anthonyi and C. parvulus. Condor 70: 223-227.

SCHWARTZ, P. 1972a. Micrastur gilvicollis, a valid species sympatric with M. ruficollis in Amazonia. Condor 74: 399-415.

SCHWARTZ, P. 1972b. On the taxonomic rank of the Yellow-billed Toucanet. Boletín Sociedad Venezolana de Ciencias Naturales 29: 459-476.

SCHWARTZ, P. 1975. Solved and unsolved problems in the Sporophila lineola/bouvronides complex (Aves: Emberizidae). Ann. Carnegie Mus. 45: 277-285.

SCHWARTZ, P., AND M. LENTINO. 1984. Estudio sobre la posición sistematica de Myrmornis torquata (Aves: Formicariidae). Minist. del Ambiente y Recursos Nat. Renovables, Ser. Informes. Cient 24: 1-19.

SEARS, H. F., L. J. MOSELEY, AND H. C. MUELLER. 1976. Behavioral evidence on skimmers' evolutionary relationships. Auk 93: 170-174.

SELANDER, R. K. 1964. Speciation in wrens of the genus Campylorhynchus. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool. 74: 1-259.

SELANDER, R. K., AND D. R. GILLER. 1961. Analysis of sympatry of Great-tailed and Boat-tailed grackles. Condor 63: 29-86.

SERNA D., M. A., AND J. V. RODRÍGUEZ, J. V. 1979. Una nueva parulida registrada por primera vez en Colombia: Dendroica discolor discolor (Aves: Parulidae). Lozania 29: 1-2.

SEUTIN, G., AND E. BERMINGHAM. 1997. Rhodinocichla rosea is an emberizid (Aves; Passeriformes) based on mitochondrial DNA analyses. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 8: 260-274

SEUTIN, G., J. BRAWN, R. E. RICKLEFS, AND E. BERMINGHAM. 1993. Genetic divergence among populations of a tropical passerine, the Streaked Saltator (Saltator albicollis). Auk 104: 97-108.

SHARPE, C. J., D. ASCANIO, AND R. RESTALL. 1997. Three species of exotic passerine in Venezuela. Cotinga 7: 43-44.

SHELDON, F. H. 1987. Phylogeny of herons estimated from DNA-DNA hybridization data. Auk 104: 97-108.

SHELDON, F. H., AND F. B. GILL. 1996. A reconsideration of songbird phylogeny, with emphasis on the evolution of titmice and their sylvioid relatives. Syst. Biol. 45: 473-495.

SHELDON, F. H., C. E. JONES, AND K. G. MCCRACKEN. 2000. Relative patterns and rates of evolution in heron nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. Mol. Biol. Evol. 17:437-450

SHELDON, F. H., K. G. MCCRACKEN, AND K. D. STUEBING. 1995. Phylogenetic relationships of the Zigzag Heron (Zebrilus undulatus) and White-crested Bittern (Tigriornis leucolophus) estimated by DNA-DNA hybridization. Auk 112: 672-679.

SHELDON, F.H., L. A. WHITTINGHAM, R. G. MOYLE, B. SLIKAS, AND D. W. WINKLER. 2005. Phylogeny of swallows (Aves: Hirundinidae) estimated from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35: 254-270.

SHELDON, F.H., L. A. WHITTINGHAM, AND D. W. WINKLER. 1999. Comparison of cytochrome b and DNA hybridization data bearing on the phylogeny of swallows (Aves: Hirundinidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 11: 320-331.

SHELDON, F. H., AND D. W. WINKLER. 1993. Intergeneric phylogenetic relationships of swallows estimated by DNA-DNA hybridization. Auk 110: 798-824.

SHERMAN, P. T. 1996. Family Psophiidae (trumpeters). Pp. 96-107 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 3. Hoatzin to auks." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

SHORT, L. L., JR. 1965. Hybridization in the flickers (Colaptes) of North America. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 129: 307-428.

SHORT, L. L. 1968. Sympatry of red-breasted meadowlarks in Argentina, and the taxonomy of meadowlarks (Aves: Leistes, Pezites, and Sturnella). Amer. Mus. Novit. 2349: 1-40.

SHORT, L. L., JR. 1969a. Relationships among some South American seedeaters (Sporophila), with a record of S. hypochroma for Argentina. Wilson Bull. 81: 216-219.

SHORT, L. L., JR. 1969b. Occ. Pap.

SHORT, L. L., JR. 1970. Notes on the habits of some Argentine and Peruvian woodpeckers. Amer. Mus. Novitates 2413: 1-37.

SHORT, L. L., JR. 1971. Systematics and behavior of some North American woodpeckers, genus Picoides. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 149: 1-118.

SHORT, L. L., JR. 1972a. Systematics and behavior of South American flickers (Aves, Colaptes). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 149: 1-109.

SHORT, L. L., JR. 1972b. Relationships among the four species of superspecies Celeus elegans (Aves, Picidae). Amer. Mus. Novitates 2487: <>.

SHORT, L. L., JR. 1974. Relationships of Veniliornis "cassini" caquetanus and V. "cassini" chocoensis with V. affinis. Auk 91: 631-634.

SHORT, L. L., JR. 1975. A zoogeographic analysis of the South American Chaco avifauna. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 154: 163-352.

SHORT, L. L., JR. 1982. Woodpeckers of the world. Delaware Museum of Natural History, Greenville, Delaware.

SHORT, L. L., AND J. F. M. HORNE. 2001. Toucans, barbets and honeyguides. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

SHORT, L. L., AND J. F. M. HORNE. 2002a. Family Capitonidae (barbets). Pp. 140-219 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 7. Jacamars to woodpeckers." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

SHORT, L. L., AND J. F. M. HORNE. 2002b. Family Ramphastidae (toucans). Pp. 220-273 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 7. Jacamars to woodpeckers." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

SIBLEY, C. G. 1958. Hybridization in some Colombian tanagers, avian genus Ramphocelus. Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. 102: 448-453.

SIBLEY, C. G. 1956. The aftershaft in jacamars and puff-birds. Ibis 68: 252-253.

SIBLEY, C. G. 1970. A comparative study of the egg-white proteins of passerine birds. Bull. Peabody Mus. Nat. Hist. 32: 1-131.

SIBLEY, C. G. 1973a. <>. Auk <>: 394-410.

SIBLEY, C. G. 1973b. The relationships of the Swallow-Tanager Tersina viridis. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 93: 75-79.

SIBLEY, C. G., AND J. E. AHLQUIST. 1973. Relationships of the Hoatzin. Auk 90: 1-13.

SIBLEY, C. G., AND J. E. AHLQUIST. 1980. The relationships of the "primitive insect eaters" (Aves: Passeriformes) as indicated by DNA x DNA hybridization. Proc. 17th Intl. Ornith. Congr.: 1215-1220.

SIBLEY, C. G., AND J. E. AHLQUIST. 1982. The relationships of the vireos (Vireonidae) as indicated by DNA-DNA hybridization. Wilson Bull. 94: 114-128.

SIBLEY, C. G., AND J. E. AHLQUIST. 1984. The relationships of the starlings (Sturnidae: Sturnini) and the mockingbirds (Sturnidae: Mimini). Auk 101: 230-243.

SIBLEY, C. G., AND J. E. AHLQUIST. 1985a. The phylogeny and classification of New world suboscine passerines (Passeriformes: Oligomyodi: Tyrannides). Ornith. Monogr. 36: 396-430.

SIBLEY, C. G., AND J. E. AHLQUIST. 1985b. The phylogeny and classification of the passerine birds, based on comparisons of the genetic material, DNA. Proc. 18th Intl. Ornith. Congr.: 83-121.

SIBLEY, C. G., AND J. E. AHLQUIST. 1990. Phylogeny and classification of birds. Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, Connecticut.

SIBLEY, C. G., S. M. LANYON, AND J. E. AHLQUIST. 1984. The relationships of the Sharpbill (Oxyruncus cristatus). Condor 86: 48-52.

SIBLEY, C. G., AND B. L. MONROE, JR. 1990. Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the World. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut.

SIBLEY, C. G., AND B. L. MONROE, JR. 1993. A supplement to distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world. Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, Connecticut.

SICK, H. 1960. Zur Systematik und Biologie de Bürzelstelzer (Rhinocryptidae), speziell Brasiliens. J. Orn. 101: 141-174.

SICK, H. 1962. Reinvidicação do Papa-Capim Sporophila ardesiaca (Dubois) sua ocorrencia no Brasil (Fringillidae - Aves). Boletim Museu Nacional, Nova Série, Zoologia, 235:<>.

SICK, H. 1963. Hybridization in certain Brazilian Fringillidae (Sporophila and Oryzoborus. Proc. 13th Intern. Ornith. Congress: 161-170.

SICK, H. 1984. Ornitologia Brasileira, uma Introducão. Brasilia.

SICK, H. 1985.

SICK, H. 1990. Notes on the taxonomy of Brazilian parrots. Ararajuba 1: 111-112.

SICK, H. 1993. Birds in Brazil. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, New Jersey.

SICK, H. 1997. Notes on some Brazilian birds. Bull. British Ornithol. Club 99: 115-120.

SICK, H. 1997x. Ornitologia Brasileira. Ed. Nova Fronteira, Rio de Janeiro.

SIEGEL-CAUSEY, D. 1986. Behaviour and affinities of the Magellanic Cormorant. Notornis 33: 249-257.

SIEGEL-CAUSEY, D. 1986. The courtship behavior and mixed-species pairing of King and Imperial Blue-eyed shags (Phalacrocorax albiventer and P. atriceps). Wilson Bulletin 98: 571-580.

SIEGEL-CAUSEY, D. 1988. Phylogeny of the Phalacrocoracidae. Condor 90: 885-905.

SIEGEL-CAUSEY, D., AND C. LEFEVRE. 1989. Holocene records of the Antarctic Shag (Phalacrocorax [Notocarbo] bransfieldensis) in Fuegian waters. Condor 91: 408-415.

SIEGFRIED, W. R. 1976. Social organization <>.

SIMPSON, S. F., AND J. CRACRAFT. 1981. The phylogenetic relationships of the Piciformes (class Aves). Auk 98: 481-494.

SILVA, J. M. C. 1990. Goeldiana (Zoologia) 1.

SILVA, J. M. C. 1991. Sistemática e biogeografia da superespécie Nystalus maculatus (Piciformes: Bucconidae). Ararajuba 2: 75-79.

SILVA, J. M. C. 1992. Phylogeny of the Cercomacra nigricans species group (Aves: Thamnophilidae) and the biogeographical importance of Pliocene-Pleistocene tectonic movements. Goeldiana (Zoologia) 18: 1-8 .

SILVA, J. M. C. 1995.

SILVA, J. M. C. 1996. <>. BBOC 116: 109-113).

SILVA, J. M. C. 1996. New data support the specific status of Reiser's Tyrannulet, a central Brazilian endemic. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 116: 109-113.

SILVA, J. M. C., G. COELHO, AND L. P. GONZAGA. 2002. Discovered on the brink of extinction: a new species of pygmy-owl (Strigidae: Glaucidium) from Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil. Ararajuba 10: 123-130.

SILVA, J. M. C., F. C. NOVAES, AND D. C. OREN. 1995. A new species of the genus Hylexetastes (Dendrocolaptidae) from eastern Amazonia. Bulletin Brit.Orn.Club 115: 200-206.

SILVA, J. M. C., AND D. C. OREN. 1992. Notes on Knipolegus franciscanus Snethlage, 1928 (Aves: Tyrannidae), and endemism of central Brazilian dry forests. Goeldiana. Zool. 16: 1-9.

SILVA, J. M. C., AND D. C. OREN. 1997. Geographic variation and conservation of the Moustached Woodcreeper Xiphocolaptes falcirostris, an endemic and threatened species of north-eastern Brazil. Bird Conserv. Internat. 7: 263-274

SILVA, J. M. C., AND F. C. STRAUBE. 1996. Systematics and biogeography of Scaled Woodcreepers (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae). Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environm. 31: 3-10.

SILVA-E-SILVA, R., AND F. OLMOS. 2006. Noteworthy bird records from Fernando de Noronha, northeastern Brazil. Rev. Bras. Orn. 14:470-474.

SILVEIRA, L. F., F. C. THADEO DE LIMA, & E. HÖFLING. 2005. A new species of Aratinga parakeet (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae) from Brazil, with taxonomic remarks on the Aratinga solstitialis complex. Auk 122: 292-305.

SIMMONS, K. E. L. 1962. Some recommendations for a revised check-list of the genera and species of grebes (Podicipedidae). Bull. British Orn. Club 82: 111.

SIMMONS, R. E. 2000. Harriers of the world: their behaviour and ecology. Oxford University Press.

SIMPSON, S. F., & J. CRACRAFT. 1981. The phylogenetic relationships of the Piciformes (Class Aves). Auk 98: 481-494.

SKUTCH, A. F. 1962. On the habits of the Queo, Rhodinocichla rosea. Auk 79: 633-639.

SLACK, K. E., F. DELSUC, P. A. McCLENACHAN, U. ARNASON, AND D. PENNY. 2007. Resolving the root of the avian mitogenic tree by breaking up long branches. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42: 1-13.

SLUD, P. 1964. The birds of Costa Rica: distribution and ecology. Bull. American Museum Nat. Hist. 128: 1-430.

SMITH, A. L., L. MONTEIRO, O. HASEGAW, AND V. L. FRIESEN. 2007. Global phylogeography of the Band-rumped Storm-petrel (Oceanodroma castro; Procellariiformes: Hydrobatidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 43: 755­773.

SMITH, G. A. 1975. Systematics of parrots. Ibis 117: 18-68.

SMITH, W. J. 1966. Communication and relationships in the genus Tyrannus. Publ. Nuttall Ornith. Club 6: 1-250.

SMITH, W. J., AND F. VUILLEUMIER. 1971. Evolutionary relationships of some South American ground tyrants. Bull. Museum Comp. Zool. 141: 259-286.

SNOW, B. K. 1975. The Plumbeous Heron of the Galapagos. Living Bird 13: 51-72.

SNOW, D. W. 1973. The classification of the Cotingidae (Aves). Breviora 409: 1-27.

SNOW, D. W. 1975. The classification of the manakins. Bull. British Ornithol. Club 95: 20-27.

SNOW, D. W. 1978. An atlas of speciation in African non-passerine birds. British Museum (Natural History), London.

SNOW, D. W. 1979a. Subfamily Tityrinae. Pp. 229- 245 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 8" (Traylor, M. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

SNOW, D. W. 1979b. Family Cotingidae. Pp. 281-308 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 8" (Traylor, M. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

SNOW, D. W. 1979c. Family Pipridae. Pp. 245-280 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 8" (Traylor, M. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

SNOW, D. W. 1980. A new species of cotinga from southeastern Brazil. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 100: 213-215.

SNOW, D. W. 1982. The cotingas. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, New York.

SNOW, D. W. 1985. Systematics of the Turdus fumigatus/hauxwelli group of thrushes. Bull. Brit. Ornithol. Club 105: 30-37.

SNOW, D. W. 2001. Family Momotidae (motmots). Pp. 264-284 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 6. Mousebirds to hornbills." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

SNOW, D. W. 2004a. Family Cotingidae (cotingas). Pp. 32-108 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 9. Cotingas to pipits and wagtails." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

SNOW, D. W. 2004b. Family Pipridae (manakins). Pp. 110-169 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 9. Cotingas to pipits and wagtails." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

SORENSON, M. D., E. ONEAL, GARCÍA-MORENO, J., AND D. P. MINDELL. 2003. More taxa, more characters: the Hoatzin problem is still unresolved. Molecular Biology and Evolution 20: 1484-1498.

SORENSON, M. D., AND R. B. PAYNE. 2005. Molecular systematics: cuckoo phylogeny inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Pp. 68-94 in R.B. Payne. Bird Families of the World: Cuckoos. Oxford University Press.

SOTO, J. M. R., & A. FILIPPINI. 2003. Documentação da ocorrência da perdiz-do-mar, Glareola pratincola (Linnaeus, 1766) (Charadriiformes: Gelareolidae), no Brasil. Ararajuba 11: 136.

SPEAR, L. B., AND D. G. AINLEY. 1999. Seabirds of the Panama Bight. Waterbirds 22: 175-198.

STALLCUP, W. B. 1961. Relationships of some families of the suborder Passeres (songbird<s>) as indicated by comparisons of tissue proteins. J. Grad. Res. Center Southern Methodist Univ. 29: 43-65.

STALLCUP, W. B. 1982. Myology and serology of the avian family Fringillidae, a taxonomic study. Publications Univ. Kansas Museum of Natural History 8: 157-211.

STEADMAN, D. 1982. The origin of Darwin's Finches (Fringillidae, Passeriformes). Proc. San Diego Soc. Natural History 19: 279-286.

STEIN, R. C. 1958. Behavioral, ecological, and morphological characteristics of two populations of the Alder Flycatcher, Empidonax traillii (Audubon). New York State Mus. & Science Service Bull. No. 371.

STEIN, R. C. 1963. Isolating mechanisms between populations of Traill's Flycatchers. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 107: 21-50.

STEINBACHER, J. 1979. Family Threskiornithidae. Pp. 253-268 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 1, Second Edition" (Mayr, E. & G. W. Cottrell, eds.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

STEULLET & DEAUTIER. 1939. <>. Notas Museo La Plata 4: 245.

STEVENSON, H. M., E. EISENMANN, C. WINEGARNER, AND W. KARLIN. 1983. Notes on Common and Antillean nighthawks of the Florida Keys. Auk 100: 983-988.

STILES, F. G. 1981. The taxonomy of Rough-winged Swallows (Stelgidopteryx; Hirundinidae) in southern Central America. Auk 98: 282-293.

STILES, F. G. 1983. The taxonomy of Microcerculus wrens (Troglodytidae) in Central America. Wilson Bull. 95: 169-183.

STILES, F. G. 1984. The Nicaraguan Seed-Finch (Oryzoborus nuttingi) in Costa Rica. Condor 86: 118-122.

STILES, F. G. 1992. A new species of antpitta (Formicariidae: Grallaria) from the Eastern Andes of Colombia. Wilson Bull. 104: 389-399.

STILES, F. G. 1996a. A new species of emerald hummingbird (Trochilidae, Chlorostilbon) from the Sierra de Chiribiquete, southeastern Colombia, with a review of the C. mellisugus complex. Wilson Bull. 108: 1-27.

STILES, F. G. 1996b. When black plus white equals gray: the nature of variation in the Variable Seedeater complex (Emberizinae: Sporophila). Ornitologia Neotropical 7: 75-108.

STILES, F. G. 2004. The Tumaco Seedeater (Sporophila insulata; Emberizidae): a species that never was? Ornitologia Neotropical 15: 17-30.

STILES, F. G., AND A. SKUTCH. 1989. A guide to the birds of Costa Rica. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, New York.

STOPIGLIA, R., AND M. A. RAPOSO. 2006. The name Synallaxis whitneyi Pacheco and Gonzaga, 1995, is not a synonym of Synallaxis cinereus Wied, 1831 (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae). Zootaxa 1166: 49-55.

STORER, R. W. 1952. Variation in the resident Sharp-shinned Hawks of Mexico. Condor 54: 283-289.

STORER, R. W. 1955. Auk 72: <299>.

STORER, R. W. 1955b. A preliminary survey of the sparrows of the genus Aimophila. Condor 57: 193-201.

STORER, R. W. 1957. The hybrid origin of Chlorophanes pururascens. Auk 74: 507.

STORER, R. W. 1958. The affinities of Oreothraupis arremonops. Auk 75: 352-354.

STORER, R. W. 1960. Notes on the systematics of the tanager genus Conothraupis. Auk 77: 350-351.

STORER, R. W. 1963. Courtship and mating behavior and the phylogeny of the grebes. Proc. XIII Inter. Ornithol. Congr.: 562-569.

STORER, R. W. 1967. Observations on Rolland's Grebe. Hornero 10: 339-350.

STORER, R. W. 1969. What is a tanager? Living Bird 8: 127-136.

STORER, R. W. 1970a. Subfamily Thraupinae. Pp. 246-408 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 13" (Paynter R. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

STORER, R. W. 1970b. Subfamily Tersinae. Pp. 408-409 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 13" (Paynter R. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

STORER, R. W. 1976. The behavior and relationships of the Least Grebe. Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 18: 113-125.

STORER, R. W. 1979. Order Podicipediformes. Pp. 140-155 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 1, Second Edition" (Mayr, E. & G. W. Cottrell, eds.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

STORER, R. W. 1981. The Rufous-faced Crake (Laterallus xenopterus) and its Paraguayan congeners. Wilson Bulletin 93: 137-144.

STORER, R. W. 1996. [Review of:] The comparative osteology of grebes (Aves: Podicipediformes) and its systematic implications. Auk 113: 974-975.

STOTZ, D. F. 1990. The taxonomic status of Phyllomyias rieseri. Bulletin British Ornithologists' Club 110: 184-187.

STOTZ, D. F. 1992. Specific status and nomenclature of Hemitriccus minor and Hemitriccus aenigma. Auk 109: 916-917.

STOTZ, D. F., J. W. FITZPATRICK, T. A. PARKER III, AND D. K. MOSKOVITS. 1996. Neotropical birds. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.

STRANECK, R. 1993. <>. Revista M. A. C. N., Zool. 14: 55-86.

STRANECK, R., AND F. VIDÓZ. 1995. Sobre el estado taxonómico de Strix rufipes (King) y de Strix chacoensis (Cherrie and Reichenberger). Notulas Faunísticas 74: 1-5.

STRAUBE, F. C., AND J. F. PACHECO. 2002. Phylloscartes paulista: uma grafia correta para Phylloscartes paulistinus. Ararajuba 10: 83-84.

STRAUCH, J. G. 1978. The phylogeny of the Charadriiformes (Aves): a new estimate using the method of character compatibility analysis. Trans. Zool. Soc. London 34: 263-345.

STRESEMANN, E. 1959a. The wing molt and systematic position of the genus Gampsonyx. Auk 76: 360-361.

STRESEMANN, E. 1959b. <>. J. Orn. 100: <337>.

STRESEMANN, E., AND D. AMADON. 1979. Order Falconiformes. Pp. 271-425 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 1, Second Edition" (Mayr, E. & G. W. Cottrell, eds.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

STRESEMANN, E., AND <>. STRESEMANN. 1966. <>. J. Orn. 107: <149>.

STREWE, R. 2001. Segundo registro de Buteo jamaicensis para Colombia. Boletín SAO 12: 80-81.

STREWE, R. 2006. Primer registro de la Golondrina de Bahamas Tachycineta cyaneoviridis para Suramérica. Boletín SAO 16: 54-58.

STREWE, R., AND C. NAVARRO. 2004. New and noteworthy records of birds from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta region, north-eastern Colombia. Bulletin British Ornithologists' Club 124: 38-51.

SWIERCZEWSKI, E. V., AND R. J. RAIKOW. 1981. Hind limb morphology, phylogeny, and classification of the Piciformes. Auk 98: 466-480.

TAMPLIN, J. W., J. W. DEMASTES, AND J. V. REMSEN, JR. 1993. Biochemical and morphometric relationships among some members of the Cardinalinae. Wilson Bull. 105: 93-113.

TAVARES, E. S., A. J. BAKER, S. L. PEREIRA, AND C. Y. MIYAKI. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships and historical biogeography of Neotropical parrots (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae: Arini) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA Sequences. Systematic Biology 55: 454­470.

TAVARES, E. S., C. YAMASHITA, AND C. Y. MIYAKI. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships among some Neotropical parrot genera (Psittacidae) based on mitochondrial sequences. Auk 121: 230-242.

TAYLOR, B. 1998. Rails. Yale University Press, New Haven.

TAYLOR, M. 2002. The first Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus in Trinidad and Tobago. Cotinga 16: 66.

TAYLOR, P. B. 1996. Family Rallidae (rails, gallinules and coots). Pp. 108-209 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 3. Hoatzin to auks." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

TEIXEIRA, D. M. 1987. A new tyrannulet (Phylloscartes) from northeastern Brazil. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 107: 37-41.

TEIXEIRA, D. M. 1991. Revalidação de Pyrrhura anaca (Gmelin, 1788) do
nordeste do Brasil (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae). Ararajuba 2: 103-104.

TEIXEIRA, D. M. 1992. <>. Rev. Nord. Biol. 7: 1-149.

TEIXEIRA, D. M., AND L. P. GONZAGA. 1983a. Um novo Furnariidae do nordeste do Brasil: Philydor novaesi sp. nov. (Aves, Passeriformes). Bol. Mus. Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Nov. Ser., Zool. 124: 1-22.

TEIXEIRA, D. M., AND L. P. GONZAGA. 1983b. A new antwren from northeastern Brazil. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 103: 133-.

TEIXEIRA, D. M. et al. 1989. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 109: 151-157.

TEIXEIRA, D. M., J. B. NACINOVIC, AND R. NOVELLI. 1985. Notes on some Brazilian seabirds. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 105: 49-51.

TEIXEIRA, D. M., J. B. NACINOVIC, AND F. B. PONTUAL. 1987. Notes on some birds of northeastern Brazil (2). Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 107: 151-157.

TEIXEIRA, D. M., J. B. NACINOVIC, I. M. SCHLOEMP, AND E. E. KISCHLAT. 1988. Notes on some Brazilian seabirds (3). Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 108: 136-139.

TEIXEIRA, D. M., D. OREN, AND R. C. BEST. 1986. Notes on Brazilian seabirds (2). Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 106: 74-77.

TEIXEIRA, D. M. 1990. Notas sobre algumas aves descritas por Emile Snethlage. Bol. Mus. Nac., nov. sér., Zool.: 1-6.

TELLO, J. G., AND J. M. BATES. 2007. Molecular phylogenetics of the tody-tyrant and flatbill assemblage of tyrant flycatchers (Tyrannidae). Auk 124: 134-154.

THIOLLAY, J. M. 1994. Family Accipitridae (hawks and eagles). Pp. 52-205 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 2. New World vultures to guineafowl." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

THOMAS, B. T. 1988. A comparison of the Maguari Stork, Ciconia maguari, with the White Stork, Ciconia ciconia. Gerfaut 78: 113-119.

THÖNEN, W. 1969. Auffallender Unterschied zwischen den instrumentalen Balzlauten der europfischen und nordamerikanischen Bekassine Gallinago gallinago. Ornithologische Beobachter 66:6-13.

TOBIAS, J. A., T. ZÜCHNER, AND T. A. DE MELO-JÚNIOR. 2002. Family Galbulidae (jacamars). Pp. 74-101 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 7. Jacamars to woodpeckers." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

TODD, W. E. C. 1929. A review of the vireonine genus Pachysylvia . Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 42:181-206.

TODD, W. E. C. 1929x. <>. Proc. U.S. National Museum 2752:<8>.

TODD, W. E. C. 1943.

TODD, W. E. C. 1948. <> Annals Carnegie Museum 31: <>.

TOMKINS, R. J., AND B. J. MILNE. 1991. Differences among Dark-rumped Petrel (Pterodroma phaeopygia) populations within the Galapagos Archipelago. Notornis 38: 1-35.

TONNIS, B., P. R. GRANT, B. R. GRANT, & K. PETREN. 2005. Habitat selection and ecological speciation in Galápagos warbler finches (Certhidea olivacea and Certhidea fusca). Proceedings of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences 272:819-826.

TORDOFF, H. B. 1954a. A systematic study of the avian family Fringillidae based on the structue of the skull. Misc. Publ. Museum of Zoology, Univ. Michigan No. 81.

TORDOFF, H. B. 1954b. Relationships in the New World nine-primaried oscines. Auk 71: 273-284.

TOSTAIN, O., AND J. L. DUJARDIN. 1989. Mise en place d'une aire d'hivernage néotropicale de Laridés holarctiques: Larus pipixcan, Larus ridubundus et Larus fuscus. Alauda 57: 189-215.

TOSTAIN, O., J.-L. DUJARDIN, C. ÉRARD, AND J.-M. THIOLLAY. 1992. Oiseaux de Guyane.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1948. New birds from Peru and Ecuador. Fieldiana (Zool.) 31: 195-200.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1951. <>. Fieldiana (Zool.) 31: <614>.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1951b. Notes on the barbet genus Eubucco (Capitonidae) in southern Peru. Auk 68: 508-510.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1951c. A review of the woodpeckers Chrysoptilus melanochloros and C. melanolaimus. Fieldiana (Zool.) 31: 421-437.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1952. A new race of Otus ingens (Salvin) from Colombia. Nat. Hist., Misc., Chicago Acad. Sci. 99: 1-4.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1956. Notes on some Peruvian birds. Fieldiana (Zool.) 31: 613-621.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1958. <>. Fieldiana (Zool.) 35: <98>.

<>TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1958. Variation is South American Great Horned Owls. Auk 75: 143-149.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1977. A classification of the tyrant flycatchers (Tyrannidae). Bull. Mus. Comparative Zool. 148: 128-184.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1979a. Subfamily Elaeniinae. Pp. 3-112 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 8" (Traylor, M. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1979b. Subfamily Fluvicolinae. Pp. 112-186 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 8" (Traylor, M. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1979c. Subfamily Tyranninae. Pp. 186- 229 in "Check-list of birds of the World, Vol. 8" (Traylor, M. A., Jr., ed.). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1982. Notes on tyrant flycatchers (Aves: Tyrannidae). Fieldiana (Zool.), New Series, no. 13.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1985. <> pp. 430-442 in "Neotropical Ornithology" (P. A. Buckley et al., eds.) Ornithol. Monographs No. 36.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR. 1988. Geographic variation and evolution in South American Cistothorus platensis (Aves: Troglodytidae). Fieldiana (Zoology) 48: 1-35.

TRAYLOR, M. A., JR., AND J. W. FITZPATRICK. 1982. A survey of the tyrant-flycatchers. Living Bird 19: 7-50.

TUCK, L. M. 1972. The snipes: a study of the genus Capella. Canadian Wildlife Srvice Monograph 5.

TURNER, A. K. 2004. Family Hirundinidae (swallows). Pp. 602-685 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 9. Cotingas to pipits and wagtails." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

TURNER, A., AND C. ROSE. 1989. Swallows and martins. An identification guide and handbook. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.

TYLER, S. K. 2004a. Family Motacillidae (pipits and wagtails). Pp. 686-786 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 9. Cotingas to pipits and wagtails." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

UDVARDY, M. D. F., AND T. SALL. 1987. A Ring-billed Gull on the Galapagos Islands. Western Birds 18: 175-176.

VALQUI, T., AND J. FJELDSÅ. 1999. A new brush finch Atlapetes from Peru. Ibis 141: 194-198.

VALQUI, T., AND J. FJELDSÅ. 2002. Atlapetes melanopsis nom. nov. for the Black-faced Brush-Finch. Ibis 144: 347.

VALVERDE, V., AND H. OYARZO. 1996. Registros de Eudyptula minor (Spheniscidae) en la costa de la region de Atacama, Chile. Bol. Chileno de Ornitologia 3: 42-43.

VAN DER WEYDEN, W. J. 1975. Scops and Screech Owls: vocal evidence for a basic subdivision in the genus Otus (Strigidae). Ardea 63: 65-77.

VAN GILS, J., AND P. WIERSMA. 1996. Species accounts. Family Scolopacidae (sandpipers, snipes and phalaropes). Pp. 488-526 in "Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 3. Hoatzin to auks." (J. del Hoyo et al., eds.). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

VAN HALEWIJN, R. 1973. Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla off the coast of Surinam. Ardea 61: 189.

VAN ROSSEM, <>. 1938. <>. Field Museum Natural History (Zoology) 13: <397>.

VAN TETS, G. F., C. W. MEREDITH, P. J. FULLAGAR, AND P. M. DAVIDSON. 1988. Osteological differences between Sula and Morus, and a description of an extinct new species of Sula from Lord Howe and Norfolk islands, Tasman Sea. Notornis 35: 35-37.

VAN TUINEN, M., D. B. BUTVILL, J. A. W. KIRSCH, AND S. B. HEDGES. 2001. Convergence and divergence in the evolution of aquatic birds. Proceedings Royal Society London (Biological Sciences) 268: 1345-1350.

VAN TUINEN, M., C. G. SIBLEY, AND S. B. HEDGES. 1998. Phylogeny and biogeography of ratite birds inferred from DNA sequences of the mitochondrial ribosomal genes. Molecular Biology and Evolution 15: 370-376.

VAN TUINEN, M., C. G. SIBLEY, AND S. B. HEDGES. 2000. The early history of modern birds inferred from DNA sequences of nuclear and mitochondrial ribosomal genes. Molecular Biology & Evolution 17: 451-457.

VAURIE, C. 1962. A systematic study of the Red-Backed Hawks of South America. Condor 64: 277-290.

VAURIE, C. 1965. Systematic notes on the bird family Cracidae. No. 2. Relationships and geographical variation of Ortalis vetula, Ortalis poliocephala, and Ortalis leucogastra. Amer. Mus. Novit. 2222.

VAURIE, C. 1965b. Systematic notes on the bird family Cracidae. No. 4. Ortalis garrula and Ortalis ruficauda. American Museum Novitates 2237: 1-16.

VAURIE, C. 1965c. The birds of the Palearctic fauna. Non-Passeriformes. Witherby, London.

VAURIE, C. 1966a. Systematic notes on the bird family Cracidae. No. 6. Reviews of the nine species of Penelope. Amer. Mus. Novit. 2251: 1-30.

VAURIE, C. 1966b. Systematic notes on the bird family Cracidae. No. 5. Penelope purpurascens, Penelope jacquacu, and Penelope obscura. Amer. Mus. Novit. 2250: 1-23.

VAURIE, C. 1967a. Systematic notes on the bird family Cracidae. No. 7. The genus Pipile. Amer. Mus. Novit. 2296: 1-16.

VAURIE, C. 1967b. Systematic notes on the bird family Cracidae. No. 8. The genera Aburria, Chamaepetes, and Penelopina. Amer. Mus. Novit. 2299: 1-12.

VAURIE, C. 1967c. Systematic notes on the bird family Cracidae. No. 9. The genus Crax. Amer. Mus. Novit. 2305: 1-20.

VAURIE, C. 1967d. Systematic notes on the bird family Cracidae. No. 10. The genera Mitu and Pauxi and the generic relationships of the Cracini. Amer. Mus. Novit. 2307: 1-20.

VAURIE, C. 1968. Taxonomy of the Cracidae (Aves). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 138: 131-260.

VAURIE, C. 1971a. Classification of the ovenbirds (Furnariidae). Witherby, London.

VAURIE, C. 1971b. Systematic status of Synallaxis demissa and Synallaxis poliophrys. Ibis 113: 520-521.

VAURIE, C. 1971c. Cranioleuca furcata Taczanowski (Furnariidae) is a valid species. Ibis 113: 517.

VAURIE, C. 1971d. Notes systématiques sur des Furnariidés rares des genres Philydor et Xenerpestes, et parallélisme de la forme du bec au type Xenops. L'Oiseau et la Rev. Franc. Orn. 41: 117-126.

VAURIE, C. 1980. Taxonomy and geographical distribution of the Furnariidae (Aves, Passeriformes). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 166: 1-357.

VAURIE, C., AND P. SCHWARTZ. 1972. Morphology and vocalizations of Synallaxis unirufa and Synallaxis castanea (Furnariidae, Aves), with comments on other Synallaxis. Amer. Mus. Novit. 2483: 1-13.

VIELLIARD, J. 1989. Uma nova espécie de Glaucidium (Aves, Strigidae) da Amazônia. Rev Bras. Zool. 6: 685-693.

VIELLIARD, J. 1990. Uma nova especies de Asthenes da serra do Cipo, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Ararajuba 1: 121-122.

VOELKER, G. 1999. Dispersal, vicariance, and clocks: Historical biogeography and speciation in a cosmopolitan passerine genus (Anthus: Motacillidae). Evolution 53: 1536-1552.

VOELKER, G., S. ROHWER, R. C. K. BOWIE & D. C. OUTLAW. 2007. Molecular systematics of a speciose, cosmopolitan songbird genus: defining the limits of, and relationships among, the Turdus thrushes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42: 422-434.

VOELKER, G. AND G. M. SPELLMAN. 2004. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA evidence of polyphyly in the avian superfa